Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 S Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
Sci Rep. 2024 Jul 10;14(1):15997. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-65263-2.
Pork is the most widely consumed meat on the planet, placing swine health as a critical factor for both the world economy and the food industry. Infectious diseases in pigs not only threaten these sectors but also raise zoonotic concerns, as pigs can act as "mixing vessels" for several animals and human viruses and can lead to the emergence of new viruses that are capable of infecting humans. Several efforts are ongoing to develop pig vaccines, albeit with limited success. This has been largely attributed to the complex nature of pig infections and incomplete understanding of the pig immune responses. Additionally, pig has been suggested to be a good experimental model to study viral infections (e.g., human influenza). Despite the significant importance of studying pig immunology for developing infection models, zoonosis, and the crucial need to develop better swine vaccines, there is still very limited information on the response of the swine adaptive immune system to several emerging pathogens. Particularly, very little is known about the pig B cell repertoire upon infection. Understanding the B cell repertoire is especially crucial towards designing better vaccines, predicting zoonosis and can provide insights into developing new diagnostic agents. Here, we developed methods for performing parallel single pig B cell (up to 10,000 B cells) global and immunoglobulin transcriptome sequencing. We then adapted a computational pipeline previously built for human/mouse sequences, to now analyze pig sequences. This allowed us to comprehensively map the B cell repertoire and get paired antibody sequences from pigs in a single parallel sequencing experiment. We believe that these approaches will have significant implications for swine diseases, particularly in the context of swine mediated zoonosis and swine and human vaccine development.
猪肉是全球消费最广泛的肉类，猪的健康状况对世界经济和食品工业至关重要。猪的传染病不仅威胁到这些领域，还引发了人畜共患疾病的担忧，因为猪可以作为几种动物和人类病毒的“混合容器”，并导致能够感染人类的新病毒的出现。目前正在努力开发猪疫苗，但取得的成功有限。这在很大程度上归因于猪感染的复杂性和对猪免疫反应的不完全了解。此外，猪被认为是研究病毒感染（例如，人类流感）的良好实验模型。尽管研究猪免疫学对于开发感染模型、人畜共患病以及迫切需要开发更好的猪用疫苗具有重要意义，但对于几种新兴病原体对猪适应性免疫系统的反应，仍然知之甚少。特别是，关于感染后猪 B 细胞库的信息知之甚少。了解 B 细胞库对于设计更好的疫苗、预测人畜共患病以及为开发新的诊断试剂提供见解尤为重要。在这里，我们开发了用于进行平行的单个猪 B 细胞（多达 10000 个 B 细胞）全基因组和免疫球蛋白转录组测序的方法。然后，我们采用了以前为人类/小鼠序列构建的计算管道，现在可以分析猪序列。这使我们能够全面映射 B 细胞库，并从单个平行测序实验中的猪中获得配对的抗体序列。我们相信这些方法将对猪病产生重大影响，特别是在猪介导的人畜共患病和猪用和人用疫苗开发方面。
