中国武汉大学生献血相关因素分析：结构方程模型。
Factors associated with blood donation among college and university students in Wuhan, China: structural equation model.
机构信息
Wuhan Blood Center, Wuhan, China.
出版信息
BMC Public Health. 2024 Jul 10;24(1):1847. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-19384-y.
BACKGROUND
College and university students were an important population group of blood donors, especially in the current situation of tight blood supply. This study aimed to investigate the current status and determinants of blood donation among this population group in Wuhan using a structural equation model.
METHODS
We conducted a cross-sectional study involving 12 colleges and universities in Wuhan, China, including 5168 students. Sociodemographic characteristics, health status, knowledge about blood donation, and attitude toward blood donation were treated as latent variables, with blood donation as the observed variable. Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted using the Mplus 8.0 statistical software application, followed by the establishment of a structural equation model to assess the relationships that exist between these variables.
RESULTS
The overall blood donation rate among college and university students was 24.71%. The established model indicated that sociodemographic characteristics, health status, knowledge about blood donation, and attitude toward blood donation showed significant positive effects (0.135, 0.056, 0.321, and 0.389, respectively) on blood donation, among them, the direct effects were 0.076, -0.110, 0.143, and 0.389, respectively (P < 0.01). Additionally, sociodemographic characteristics, health status, and knowledge about blood donation had indirectly affected blood donation through the mediating effect of attitude towards blood donation. Their effects on attitude towards blood donation were 0.099, 0.243, and 0.468, respectively. (P < 0.01). The model could explain explained 22.22% of the variance in blood donation behavior among college and university students in Wuhan.
CONCLUSION
Blood donation among college and university students in Wuhan was associated with sociodemographic characteristics, health status, knowledge about blood donation, and attitude towards blood donation, with attitude being the primary influencing factor. Tailored recruitment strategies for blood donation among students should prioritize initiatives aimed at enhancing knowledge about blood donation and fostering positive attitudes toward it.
背景
大学生是献血者中的一个重要群体，尤其是在目前血液供应紧张的情况下。本研究旨在使用结构方程模型调查武汉大学生献血的现状及其决定因素。
方法
我们在中国武汉的 12 所高校进行了一项横断面研究，共纳入 5168 名学生。社会人口学特征、健康状况、献血知识和献血态度被视为潜在变量，献血作为观察变量。采用 Mplus 8.0 统计软件进行验证性因子分析，然后建立结构方程模型来评估这些变量之间的关系。
结果
大学生的总体献血率为 24.71%。建立的模型表明，社会人口学特征、健康状况、献血知识和献血态度对献血有显著的正向影响（分别为 0.135、0.056、0.321 和 0.389），其中直接效应分别为 0.076、-0.110、0.143 和 0.389（P<0.01）。此外，社会人口学特征、健康状况和献血知识通过献血态度的中介作用对献血产生间接影响。它们对献血态度的影响分别为 0.099、0.243 和 0.468（P<0.01）。该模型可以解释武汉大学生献血行为变异的 22.22%。
结论
武汉大学生献血与社会人口学特征、健康状况、献血知识和献血态度有关，态度是主要影响因素。针对学生献血的招募策略应优先考虑旨在增强献血知识和培养积极态度的措施。
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