Rabbani Mohsen, Salehani Alireza A, Farnaghi Mohammadhasan, Moshtaghi Maryam
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.
Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
J Med Signals Sens. 2024 Apr 18;14:10. doi: 10.4103/jmss.jmss_20_22. eCollection 2024.
Fabricating three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds is attractive due to various advantages for tissue engineering, such as cell migration, proliferation, and adhesion. Since cell growth depends on transmitting nutrients and cell residues, naturally vascularized scaffolds are superior for tissue engineering. Vascular passages help the inflow and outflow of liquids, nutrients, and waste disposal from the scaffold and cell growth. Porous scaffolds can be prepared by plant tissue decellularization which allows for the cultivation of various cell lines depending on the intended application. To this end, researchers decellularize plant tissues by specific chemical and physical methods. Researchers use plant parts depending on their needs, for example, decellularizing the leaves, stems, and fruits. Plant tissue scaffolds are advantageous for regenerative medicine, wound healing, and bioprinting. Studies have examined various plants such as vegetables and fruits such as orchid, parsley, spinach, celery, carrot, and apple using various materials and techniques such as sodium dodecyl sulfate, Triton X-100, peracetic acid, deoxyribonuclease, and ribonuclease with varying percentages, as well as mechanical and physical techniques like freeze-thaw cycles. The process of data selection, retrieval, and extraction in this review relied on scholarly journal publications and other relevant papers related to the subject of decellularization, with a specific emphasis on plant-based research. The obtained results indicate that, owing to the cellulosic structure and vascular nature of the decellularized plants and their favorable hydrophilic and biological properties, they have the potential to serve as biological materials and natural scaffolds for the development of 3D-printing inks and scaffolds for tissue engineering.
制造三维（3D）支架对组织工程具有吸引力，因为它具有多种优势，如细胞迁移、增殖和黏附。由于细胞生长依赖于营养物质的传递和细胞残渣的排出，天然血管化支架在组织工程中更具优势。血管通道有助于液体、营养物质的流入和流出以及支架内废物的排出和细胞生长。多孔支架可以通过植物组织去细胞化制备，这使得根据预期应用培养各种细胞系成为可能。为此，研究人员通过特定的化学和物理方法对植物组织进行去细胞化处理。研究人员根据自身需求使用植物的不同部位，例如对叶子、茎和果实进行去细胞化处理。植物组织支架在再生医学、伤口愈合和生物打印方面具有优势。研究使用了各种材料和技术，如不同百分比的十二烷基硫酸钠、曲拉通X - 100、过氧乙酸、脱氧核糖核酸酶和核糖核酸酶，以及诸如冻融循环等机械和物理技术，对各种植物进行了研究，包括蔬菜和水果，如兰花、欧芹、菠菜、芹菜、胡萝卜和苹果。本综述中的数据选择、检索和提取过程依赖于学术期刊出版物以及与去细胞化主题相关的其他相关论文，特别强调基于植物的研究。所得结果表明，由于去细胞化植物的纤维素结构和血管性质及其良好的亲水性和生物学特性，它们有潜力作为生物材料和天然支架，用于开发组织工程的3D打印墨水和支架。
