Clinical, Assessment, Regulatory, Evaluation (CARE) Unit, International Vaccine Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Department of Global Health and Disease Control, Yonsei University Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Clin Infect Dis. 2024 Jul 12;79(Supplement_1):S33-S42. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciae233.
Cholera is a public health priority in Ethiopia. The Ethiopian National Cholera Plan elaborates a multi-year scheme of oral cholera vaccine (OCV) use. Aligned with this, a preemptive OCV campaign was conducted under our Ethiopia Cholera Control and Prevention project. Here, we present the OCV vaccination outcomes.
Cholera high-priority hotspots in the Oromia Region, Shashemene Town (ST) and Shashemene Woreda (SW), were selected. Four kebelles (Abosto, Alelu, Arada, and Awasho) in ST and 4 clusters (Faji Gole, Harabate, Toga, and Chabi) in SW were study sites with OCV areas nested within. A total of 40 000 and 60 000 people in ST and SW, respectively, were targeted for a 2-dose OCV (Euvichol-Plus) campaign in 11-15 May (first round [R1]) and 27-31 May (second round [R2]) 2022. Daily administrative OCV coverage and a coverage survey in 277 randomly selected households were conducted.
The administrative OCV coverage was high: 102.0% for R1 and 100.5% for R2 in ST and 99.1% (R1) and 100.0% (R1) in SW. The coverage survey showed 78.0% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 73.1-82.9) of household members with 2-dose OCV and 16.8% (95% CI: 12.4-21.3) with no OCV in ST; and 83.1% (95% CI: 79.6-86.5) with 2-dose OCV and 11.8% (95% CI: 8.8-14.8) with no OCV in SW. The 2-dose coverages in 1-4-, 5-14-, and ≥15-year age groups were 88.3% (95% CI: 70.6-96.1), 88.9% (95% CI: 82.1-95.7), and 71.3% (95% CI: 64.2-78.3), respectively, in ST and 78.2% (95% CI: 68.8-87.7), 91.0% (95% CI: 86.6-95.3), and 78.7% (95% CI: 73.2-84.1) in SW.
High 2-dose OCV coverage was achieved. Cholera surveillance is needed to assess the vaccine impact and effectiveness.
霍乱是埃塞俄比亚的一个公共卫生重点。埃塞俄比亚国家霍乱计划制定了多年口服霍乱疫苗（OCV）使用计划。与之相一致的是，在我们的埃塞俄比亚霍乱控制和预防项目下，提前进行了一次预防性 OCV 运动。在这里，我们介绍了 OCV 疫苗接种结果。
选择奥罗米亚地区的霍乱高优先热点，即 Shashemene 镇（ST）和 Shashemene 区（SW）。ST 中的四个基贝拉（Abosto、Alelu、Arada 和 Awasho）和 SW 中的 4 个集群（Faji Gole、Harabate、Toga 和 Chabi）作为研究地点，在这些地点内进行了 OCV 区域嵌套。2022 年 5 月 11 日至 15 日（第一轮[R1]）和 5 月 27 日至 31 日（第二轮[R2]），ST 和 SW 分别有 40000 人和 60000 人目标接种 2 剂 OCV（Euvichol-Plus）。每天进行行政 OCV 覆盖率和 277 户随机选择家庭的覆盖情况调查。
行政 OCV 覆盖率很高：ST 中的第一轮和第二轮分别为 102.0%和 100.5%，SW 中的第一轮和第二轮分别为 99.1%（R1）和 100.0%（R1）。覆盖情况调查显示，ST 中有 78.0%（95%置信区间[CI]：73.1-82.9）的家庭中有 2 剂 OCV，16.8%（95% CI：12.4-21.3）的家庭没有 OCV；SW 中有 83.1%（95% CI：79.6-86.5）的家庭中有 2 剂 OCV，11.8%（95% CI：8.8-14.8）的家庭没有 OCV。1-4 岁、5-14 岁和≥15 岁年龄组的 2 剂覆盖率分别为 88.3%（95% CI：70.6-96.1）、88.9%（95% CI：82.1-95.7）和 71.3%（95% CI：64.2-78.3），SW 中的 2 剂覆盖率分别为 78.2%（95% CI：68.8-87.7）、91.0%（95% CI：86.6-95.3）和 78.7%（95% CI：73.2-84.1）。
实现了高 2 剂 OCV 覆盖率。需要进行霍乱监测，以评估疫苗的影响和效果。
