World Health Organization, Somalia Country Office, Mogadishu, Somalia.
Federal Ministry of Health, Mogadishu, Somalia.
Vaccine. 2020 Feb 29;38 Suppl 1:A141-A147. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.01.015. Epub 2020 Jan 21.
The first oral cholera vaccination (OCV) campaign in Somalia was implemented between March and October 2017. It was the first time the Ministry of Health had introduced and used OCV as part of the cholera prevention and control strategies. The Ministry of Health aimed to cover 1.1 million people ≥ 1 year with 2 doses of the OCV in 11 high-risk districts. Overall, 2-dose administrative OCV coverage in all targeted districts was 95.5%. Following the campaign, a random sample survey was conducted in 9 out of 11districts to evaluate coverage, awareness, reasons for non-vaccination, the water and sanitation status of households, and any resulting adverse events. The survey was conducted in 2 phases. Of the 3,715 eligible individuals in the first phase, 92.5% (95% CI 91.4-93.6%) received 2 doses of the OCV and 7.0% (95% CI 6.0-8.2%) 1 dose. In the second phase, of 1,926 individuals, 94.1% (95% CI 92.9-95.1%) received 2 doses and 2.6% (95% CI 2.0-3.4%) 1 dose. Despite challenges, this experience shows that OCV campaigns can be implemented in acute humanitarian settings through existing immunization structures.
2017 年 3 月至 10 月期间，索马里开展了首次口服霍乱疫苗（OCV）接种运动。这是卫生部首次将 OCV 作为霍乱防控策略的一部分引入并使用。卫生部的目标是在 11 个高风险地区为 110 万人（≥1 岁）接种 2 剂 OCV。总的来说，所有目标地区的 2 剂行政 OCV 接种覆盖率为 95.5%。在运动之后，在 11 个地区中的 9 个地区进行了随机抽样调查，以评估覆盖率、知晓率、未接种的原因、家庭用水和卫生状况以及任何由此产生的不良事件。该调查分两个阶段进行。在第一阶段的 3715 名合格者中，92.5%（95%置信区间 91.4-93.6%）接种了 2 剂 OCV，7.0%（95%置信区间 6.0-8.2%）接种了 1 剂。在第二阶段，1926 名参与者中有 94.1%（95%置信区间 92.9-95.1%）接种了 2 剂，2.6%（95%置信区间 2.0-3.4%）接种了 1 剂。尽管存在挑战，但这一经验表明，OCV 运动可以通过现有的免疫结构在急性人道主义环境中实施。
