Research Group on Quality, Safety, and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Department of Food Science and Technology, CEBAS-CSIC, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
Molecular Recognition and Encapsulation Group (REM), Health Sciences Department, Universidad Católica de Murcia, Campus Los Jerónimos 135, 30107 Murcia, Spain.
Nutrients. 2024 Jun 21;16(13):1980. doi: 10.3390/nu16131980.
In Europe, sports food supplements (SSFs) are subject to specific laws and regulations. Up to 70% of athletes are highly influenced by the information on the label or the advertisement of the SSF, which often does not correspond to the scientific evidence, such as health claims. The aim is to analyze such claims relating to sports drinks (SDs) in commercial messages. To this end, an observational and cross-sectional study was conducted based on the analysis of the content and degree of adequacy of the health claims indicated on the labelling or technical data sheet of the SDs with those established by the European legislation in force according to the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). The SSFs were searched for via Amazon and Google Shopping. A total of 114 health claims were evaluated. No claim fully conformed with the recommendations. A total of 14 claims (n = 13 products) almost conformed to the recommendations; they were "Maintain endurance level in exercises requiring prolonged endurance", "Improve water absorption during physical exercise", and "Improved physical performance during high intensity, high duration physical exercise in trained adults", representing 12.3% of the total (n = 114). The vast majority of the claims identified indicated an unproven cause-effect and should be modified or eliminated, which amounts to food fraud towards the consumer.
在欧洲，运动食品补充剂（SSF）受特定法律和法规的约束。多达 70%的运动员受到 SSF 标签或广告上信息的高度影响，而这些信息往往与科学证据不符，例如健康声称。目的是分析商业信息中与运动饮料（SD）相关的此类声称。为此，根据欧洲食品安全局（EFSA）制定的现行欧洲法规，对标签或 SD 技术数据表上标明的健康声称的内容和充分性程度进行了观察性和横断面研究。通过亚马逊和谷歌购物搜索 SSF。评估了 114 项健康声称。没有声称完全符合建议。共有 14 项声称（n = 13 种产品）几乎符合建议；它们是“在需要长时间耐力的运动中维持耐力水平”、“在体育锻炼中改善水吸收”和“改善训练有素的成年人在高强度、长时间体育锻炼中的身体表现”，占总数的 12.3%（n = 114）。大多数确定的声称表明因果关系未经证实，应予以修改或删除，这相当于对消费者的食品欺诈。
