Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Immunonutrition Research Group, Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science and Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN)-CSIC, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Nutrients. 2024 Jun 22;16(13):1992. doi: 10.3390/nu16131992.
Cereals are an important source of nutrients, especially used in complementary feeding. The objective of this study is to review the nutritional composition of cereal-based foods for infants from 4 months and toddlers that are offered in Spain and Ecuador, countries selected because of the opportunity to work in them, and due to their socio-economic differences (industrialized and developing countries, respectively). The number of these products was 105 cereals in Spain and 22 in Ecuador. The products were classified as gluten-free cereals, five cereals, eight cereals, multigrain cereals, and cookies. A 25 g serving was used to determine the percentage in which the samples analyzed can cover the Reference Nutrient Intake (RNI) for micronutrients in infants from 7 months and toddlers according to the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). Nutritional information per 100 g of dry product was collected according to medium, minimum, and maximum units, and nutrient density was calculated. The age range in which these products are recommended is different in both countries. The nutritional composition presents some differences; Spanish cereals show a lower content of sodium, added sugars, hydrolyzed cereals, and maltodextrin than Ecuadorian cereals. Commercialized cereals could contribute to satisfying the nutritional needs of infants and toddlers; however, they can also be a source of non-recommended components.
谷物是营养的重要来源，特别是在补充喂养中。本研究的目的是回顾在西班牙和厄瓜多尔提供的 4 个月大婴儿和幼儿用谷物基食品的营养成分，选择这两个国家是因为有机会在这些国家工作，并且由于它们的社会经济差异（分别为工业化国家和发展中国家）。西班牙有 105 种谷物产品，厄瓜多尔有 22 种。这些产品分为无麸质谷物、五种谷物、八种谷物、多种谷物和饼干。使用 25 克的份量来确定根据欧洲食品安全局（EFSA）的标准，分析样本中可以满足 7 个月大婴儿和幼儿参考营养素摄入量（RNI）的百分率。根据中等、最小和最大单位收集每 100 克干产品的营养信息，并计算营养密度。这两种产品推荐的年龄范围在两个国家有所不同。营养成分存在一些差异；西班牙的谷物的钠、添加糖、水解谷物和麦芽糊精含量低于厄瓜多尔的谷物。商业化的谷物可以帮助满足婴儿和幼儿的营养需求，但它们也可能是不推荐成分的来源。
