Doctoral School, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania.
Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Jun 26;25(13):6977. doi: 10.3390/ijms25136977.
Neuroendocrine tumors are uncommon in the gastrointestinal system but can develop in the majority of the body's epithelial organs. Our goal was to examine the presence and clinical application of serum dopamine (DA), serotonin (ST), norepinephrine (NE), and epinephrine (EPI), in addition to determining the significance of the Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI), Glasgow Prognostic Score (GPS), and systemic inflammatory response (SIR) markers as a prognostic factor for patients with colorectal neuroendocrine tumors (CR-NETs), in various tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stages. We also wanted to identify the possible connection between them. This study included 25 consecutive patients who were diagnosed with CR-NETs and a control group consisting of 60 patients with newly diagnosed colorectal cancer (CRC). We used the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) technique. This study revealed that CR-NET patients showed significantly higher serum levels of DA compared to CRC patients. We showed that serum DA was present in the early stages of CR-NETs, with increasing levels as we advanced through the TNM stages. Moreover, we found a close relationship between the levels of DA and the inflammation and nutritional status of the CR-NET patients in this study. CR-NET patients from the PNI < 47.00 subgroup had a higher level of DA than those from the PNI ≥ 47.00 subgroup. Pearson's correlation analysis revealed correlations between DA, PNI, and the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and the platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR). Both hematological indices were negatively correlated with albumin (ALB). Our investigation's findings relating to the PNI, GPS, SIR, and DA indicate that these tools can be markers of nutritional and systemic inflammatory status, are simple to use, and are repeatable. Further research on this topic could provide valuable insights into which biomarkers to incorporate into clinical practice for the management of CR-NET patients.
神经内分泌肿瘤在胃肠道中并不常见，但可以在人体大多数上皮器官中发展。我们的目标是检查血清多巴胺（DA）、血清素（ST）、去甲肾上腺素（NE）和肾上腺素（EPI）的存在及其在不同肿瘤-淋巴结-转移（TNM）分期的临床应用，并确定预后营养指数（PNI）、格拉斯哥预后评分（GPS）和全身炎症反应（SIR）标志物作为结直肠神经内分泌肿瘤（CR-NET）患者的预后因素的意义。我们还想确定它们之间的可能联系。本研究包括 25 例连续确诊为 CR-NET 的患者和 60 例新诊断为结直肠癌（CRC）的患者作为对照组。我们使用酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）技术。本研究表明，CR-NET 患者的血清 DA 水平明显高于 CRC 患者。我们表明，CR-NET 患者在疾病的早期阶段就存在血清 DA，随着 TNM 分期的进展，其水平逐渐升高。此外，我们在这项研究中发现，DA 的水平与 CR-NET 患者的炎症和营养状况之间存在密切关系。来自 PNI<47.00 亚组的 CR-NET 患者的 DA 水平高于来自 PNI≥47.00 亚组的患者。Pearson 相关分析显示，DA 与 PNI 以及中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值（NLR）和血小板/淋巴细胞比值（PLR）之间存在相关性。这两个血液学指标与白蛋白（ALB）呈负相关。我们关于 PNI、GPS、SIR 和 DA 的研究结果表明，这些工具可以作为营养和全身炎症状态的标志物，简单易用且可重复。对这一主题的进一步研究可能会为将哪些生物标志物纳入 CR-NET 患者的临床管理提供有价值的见解。
