Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Sankt Poelten, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, 3100 Sankt Poelten, Austria.
Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Jul 5;25(13):7374. doi: 10.3390/ijms25137374.
Pollen, in addition to allergens, comprise low molecular weight components (LMC) smaller than 3 kDa. Emerging evidence indicates the relevance of LMC in allergic immune responses. However, the interaction of birch pollen (BP)-derived LMC and epithelial cells has not been extensively studied. We investigated epithelial barrier modifications induced by exposure to BP LMC, using the human bronchial epithelial cell line 16HBE14o-. Epithelial cell monolayers were apically exposed to the major BP allergen Bet v 1, aqueous BP extract or BP-derived LMC. Barrier integrity after the treatments was monitored by measuring transepithelial electrical resistance at regular intervals and by using the xCELLigence Real-Time Cell Analysis system. The polarized release of cytokines 24 h following treatment was measured using a multiplex immunoassay. Epithelial barrier integrity was significantly enhanced upon exposure to BP LMC. Moreover, BP LMC induced the repair of papain-mediated epithelial barrier damage. The apical release of CCL5 and TNF-α was significantly reduced after exposure to BP LMC, while the basolateral release of IL-6 significantly increased. In conclusion, the results of our study demonstrate that BP-derived LMC modify the physical and immunological properties of bronchial epithelial cells and thus regulate airway epithelial barrier responses.
花粉除过敏原外，还包括小于 3 kDa 的低分子量成分 (LMC)。新出现的证据表明 LMC 在过敏免疫反应中的相关性。然而，桦树花粉 (BP) 衍生的 LMC 与上皮细胞的相互作用尚未得到广泛研究。我们使用人支气管上皮细胞系 16HBE14o-研究了暴露于 BP LMC 后上皮细胞屏障的改变。上皮细胞单层被 BP 的主要过敏原 Bet v 1、水提 BP 提取物或 BP 衍生的 LMC 经顶侧处理。通过定期测量跨上皮电阻和使用 xCELLigence 实时细胞分析系统来监测处理后的屏障完整性。使用多重免疫分析测量处理后 24 小时细胞因子的极化释放。暴露于 BP LMC 后，上皮屏障完整性显著增强。此外，BP LMC 诱导了木瓜蛋白酶介导的上皮屏障损伤的修复。暴露于 BP LMC 后，CCL5 和 TNF-α 的顶端释放明显减少，而 IL-6 的基底外侧释放明显增加。总之，我们的研究结果表明，BP 衍生的 LMC 改变了支气管上皮细胞的物理和免疫特性，从而调节气道上皮屏障反应。
