Guryanova Svetlana V, Finkina Ekaterina I, Melnikova Daria N, Bogdanov Ivan V, Bohle Barbara, Ovchinnikova Tatiana V
Science-Educational Center, M. M. Shemyakin & Yu. A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, The Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
Medical Institute, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, The Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.
Front Mol Biosci. 2022 Jun 16;9:900533. doi: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.900533. eCollection 2022.
Plant pollen is one of the main sources of allergens causing allergic diseases such as allergic rhinitis and asthma. Several allergens in plant pollen are panallergens which are also present in other allergen sources. As a result, sensitized individuals may also experience food allergies. The mechanism of sensitization and development of allergic inflammation is a consequence of the interaction of allergens with a large number of molecular factors that often are acting in a complex with other compounds, for example low-molecular-mass ligands, which contribute to the induction a type 2-driven response of immune system. In this review, special attention is paid not only to properties of allergens but also to an important role of their interaction with lipids and other hydrophobic molecules in pollen sensitization. The reactions of epithelial cells lining the nasal and bronchial mucosa and of other immunocompetent cells will also be considered, in particular the mechanisms of the activation of B and T lymphocytes and the formation of allergen-specific antibody responses.
植物花粉是引发过敏性疾病如过敏性鼻炎和哮喘的主要过敏原来源之一。植物花粉中的几种过敏原是泛过敏原，也存在于其他过敏原来源中。因此，致敏个体也可能会出现食物过敏。致敏和过敏性炎症发展的机制是过敏原与大量分子因子相互作用的结果，这些分子因子通常与其他化合物（如低分子量配体）形成复合物，从而有助于诱导免疫系统的2型驱动反应。在本综述中，不仅要特别关注过敏原的特性，还要关注它们与脂质和其他疏水分子在花粉致敏中的相互作用所起的重要作用。还将考虑鼻和支气管黏膜上皮细胞以及其他免疫活性细胞的反应，特别是B和T淋巴细胞的激活机制以及过敏原特异性抗体反应的形成。
