Laboratorio de Nutrición Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
Physiol Rep. 2024 Jul;12(13):e16126. doi: 10.14814/phy2.16126.
Molecular mechanisms associated to improvement of metabolic syndrome (MetS) during exercise are not fully elucidated. MetS was induced in 250 g male Wistar rats by 30% sucrose in drinking water. Control rats receiving tap water were controls, both groups received solid standard diet. After 14 weeks, an endurance exercised group, and a sedentary were formed for 8 weeks. The soleus and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles were dissected to determine contractile performance, expression of myosin heavy chain isoforms, PGC1α, AMPKα2, NFATC1, MEF2a, SIX1, EYA1, FOXO1, key metabolic enzymes activities. Exercise mildly improved MetS features. MetS didn't alter the contractile performance of the muscles. Exercise didn't altered expression of PGC1α, NFATC1, SIX1 and EYA1 on MetS EDL whereas NFATC1 increased in soleus. Only citrate synthase was affected by MetS on the EDL and this was partially reverted by exercise. Soleus α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase activity was increased by exercise but MetS rendered the muscle resistant to this effect. MetS affects mostly the EDL muscle, and endurance exercise only partially reverts this. Soleus muscle seems more resilient to MetS. We highlight the importance of studying both muscles during MetS, and their metabolic remodeling on the development and treatment of MetS by exercise.
与运动改善代谢综合征（MetS）相关的分子机制尚未完全阐明。通过在饮用水中添加 30%的蔗糖，在 250g 雄性 Wistar 大鼠中诱导 MetS。接受自来水的对照大鼠为对照组，两组均接受标准固体饮食。14 周后，形成耐力运动组和久坐组，持续 8 周。分离比目鱼肌和趾长伸肌（EDL）以确定收缩性能、肌球蛋白重链同工型表达、PGC1α、AMPKα2、NFATC1、MEF2a、SIX1、EYA1、FOXO1、关键代谢酶活性。运动轻度改善了 MetS 特征。MetS 并没有改变肌肉的收缩性能。运动没有改变 MetS EDL 中 PGC1α、NFATC1、SIX1 和 EYA1 的表达，而 NFATC1 在比目鱼肌中增加。只有柠檬酸合酶受到 MetS 对 EDL 的影响，而运动部分逆转了这种影响。α-酮戊二酸脱氢酶活性在比目鱼肌中因运动而增加，但 MetS 使肌肉对这种效应产生抗性。MetS 主要影响 EDL 肌肉，而耐力运动仅部分逆转了这一影响。比目鱼肌似乎对 MetS 更有抵抗力。我们强调在 MetS 期间研究这两种肌肉的重要性，以及它们的代谢重塑对 MetS 的发展和运动治疗的重要性。
