Humayun Saba, Hayyan Maan, Alias Yatimah
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; University of Malaya Centre for Ionic Liquids, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
Chemical Engineering Program, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Muscat University, Muscat P.C.130, Oman.
J Environ Sci (China). 2025 Jan;147:688-713. doi: 10.1016/j.jes.2023.11.021. Epub 2023 Dec 4.
Innately designed to induce physiological changes, pharmaceuticals are foreknowingly hazardous to the ecosystem. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are recognized as a set of contemporary and highly efficient methods being used as a contrivance for the removal of pharmaceutical residues. Since reactive oxygen species (ROS) are formed in these processes to interact and contribute directly toward the oxidation of target contaminant(s), a profound insight regarding the mechanisms of ROS leading to the degradation of pharmaceuticals is fundamentally significant. The conceptualization of some specific reaction mechanisms allows the design of an effective and safe degradation process that can empirically reduce the environmental impact of the micropollutants. This review mainly deliberates the mechanistic reaction pathways for ROS-mediated degradation of pharmaceuticals often leading to complete mineralization, with a focus on acetaminophen as a drug waste model.
药物天生就会引发生理变化，人们也明知其对生态系统有害。高级氧化过程（AOPs）被认为是一组当代高效方法，用于去除药物残留。由于在这些过程中会形成活性氧物种（ROS），它们相互作用并直接促进目标污染物的氧化，因此深入了解ROS导致药物降解的机制具有根本重要性。一些特定反应机制的概念化有助于设计出有效且安全的降解过程，凭经验减少微污染物对环境的影响。本综述主要探讨ROS介导的药物降解的反应机理途径，这些途径通常会导致完全矿化，重点关注对乙酰氨基酚作为药物废物模型。
