Kalungi Allan, Kinyanda Eugene, Akena Dickens Howard, Gelaye Bizu, Ssembajjwe Wilber, Mpango Richard Steven, Ongaria Terry, Mugisha Joseph, Makanga Ronald, Kakande Ayoub, Kimono Beatrice, Amanyire Philip, Kirumira Fred, Lewis Cathryn M, McIntosh Andrew M, Kuchenbaecker Karoline, Nyirenda Moffat, Kaleebu Pontiano, Fatumo Segun
The African Computational Genomics (TACG) Research Group, Medical Research Council/ Uganda Virus Research Institute & London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (MRC/UVRI & LSHTM) Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda.
Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
Mol Psychiatry. 2025 Jan;30(1):122-130. doi: 10.1038/s41380-024-02665-8. Epub 2024 Jul 14.
Genetics research has potential to alleviate the burden of mental disorders in low- and middle-income-countries through identification of new mechanistic pathways which can lead to efficacious drugs or new drug targets. However, there is currently limited genetics data from Africa. The Uganda Genome Resource provides opportunity for psychiatric genetics research among underrepresented people from Africa. We aimed at determining the prevalence and correlates of major depressive disorder (MDD), suicidality, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), alcohol abuse, generalised anxiety disorder (GAD) and probable attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) among participants of the Uganda Genome Resource. Standardised tools assessed for each mental disorder. Prevalence of each disorder was calculated with 95% confidence intervals. Multivariate logistic regression models evaluated the association between each mental disorder and associated demographic and clinical factors. Among 985 participants, prevalence of the disorders were: current MDD 19.3%, life-time MDD 23.3%, suicidality 10.6%, PTSD 3.1%, alcohol abuse 5.7%, GAD 12.9% and probable ADHD 9.2%. This is the first study to determine the prevalence of probable ADHD among adult Ugandans from a general population. We found significant association between sex and alcohol abuse (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 0.26 [0.14,0.45], p < 0.001) and GAD (AOR = 1.78 [1.09,2.49], p = 0.019) respectively. We also found significant association between body mass index and suicidality (AOR = 0.85 [0.73,0.99], p = 0.041), alcohol abuse (AOR = 0.86 [0.78,0.94], p = 0.003) and GAD (AOR = 0.93 [0.87,0.98], p = 0.008) respectively. We also found a significant association between high blood pressure and life-time MDD (AOR = 2.87 [1.08,7.66], p = 0.035) and probable ADHD (AOR = 1.99 [1.00,3.97], p = 0.050) respectively. We also found a statistically significant association between tobacco smoking and alcohol abuse (AOR = 3.2 [1.56,6.67], p = 0.002). We also found ever been married to be a risk factor for probable ADHD (AOR = 2.12 [0.88,5.14], p = 0.049). The Uganda Genome Resource presents opportunity for psychiatric genetics research among underrepresented people from Africa.
遗传学研究有潜力通过识别新的机制途径来减轻低收入和中等收入国家精神障碍的负担，这些途径可能会带来有效的药物或新的药物靶点。然而，目前来自非洲的遗传学数据有限。乌干达基因组资源为非洲代表性不足人群的精神遗传学研究提供了机会。我们旨在确定乌干达基因组资源参与者中重度抑郁症（MDD）、自杀倾向、创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）、酒精滥用、广泛性焦虑症（GAD）和可能的注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的患病率及其相关因素。使用标准化工具对每种精神障碍进行评估。计算每种障碍的患病率及其95%置信区间。多变量逻辑回归模型评估每种精神障碍与相关人口统计学和临床因素之间的关联。在985名参与者中，各障碍的患病率分别为：当前MDD为19.3%，终生MDD为23.3%，自杀倾向为10.6%，PTSD为3.1%，酒精滥用为5.7%，GAD为12.9%，可能的ADHD为9.2%。这是第一项确定乌干达普通人群中成年乌干达人可能患ADHD患病率的研究。我们发现性别与酒精滥用（调整优势比[AOR]=0.26[0.14,0.45]，p<0.001）和GAD（AOR=1.78[1.09,2.49]，p=0.019）之间分别存在显著关联。我们还发现体重指数与自杀倾向（AOR=0.85[0.73,0.99]，p=0.041）、酒精滥用（AOR=0.86[0.78,0.94]，p=0.003）和GAD（AOR=0.93[0.87,0.98]，p=0.008）之间分别存在显著关联。我们还发现高血压与终生MDD（AOR=2.87[1.08,7.66]，p=0.035）和可能的ADHD（AOR=1.99[1.00,3.97]，p=0.050）之间分别存在显著关联。我们还发现吸烟与酒精滥用之间存在统计学显著关联（AOR=3.2[1.56,6.67]，p=0.002）。我们还发现曾经结婚是可能患ADHD的一个风险因素（AOR=2.12[0.88,5.14]，p=0.049）。乌干达基因组资源为非洲代表性不足人群的精神遗传学研究提供了机会。
