Ciatti Joanna L, Vazquez-Guardado Abraham, Brings Victoria E, Park Jihun, Ruyle Brian, Ober Rebecca A, McLuckie Alicia J, Talcott Michael R, Carter Emily A, Burrell Amy R, Sponenburg Rebecca A, Trueb Jacob, Gupta Prashant, Kim Joohee, Avila Raudel, Seong Minho, Slivicki Richard A, Kaplan Melanie A, Villalpando-Hernandez Bryan, Massaly Nicolas, Montana Michael C, Pet Mitchell, Huang Yonggang, Morón Jose A, Gereau Robert W, Rogers John A
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University; Evanston, IL 60208, USA.
Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University; Evanston, IL 60208, USA.
bioRxiv. 2024 Jul 2:2024.06.27.600919. doi: 10.1101/2024.06.27.600919.
Opioid overdose accounts for nearly 75,000 deaths per year in the United States, representing a leading cause of mortality amongst the prime working age population (25-54 years). At overdose levels, opioid-induced respiratory depression becomes fatal without timely administration of the rescue drug naloxone. Currently, overdose survival relies entirely on bystander intervention, requiring a nearby person to discover and identify the overdosed individual, and have immediate access to naloxone to administer. Government efforts have focused on providing naloxone in abundance but do not address the equally critical component for overdose rescue: a willing and informed bystander. To address this unmet need, we developed the Naloximeter: a class of life-saving implantable devices that autonomously detect and treat overdose, with the ability to simultaneously contact first-responders. We present three Naloximeter platforms, for both fundamental research and clinical translation, all equipped with optical sensors, drug delivery mechanisms, and a supporting ecosystem of technology to counteract opioid-induced respiratory depression. In small and large animal studies, the Naloximeter rescues from otherwise fatal opioid overdose within minutes. This work introduces life-changing, clinically translatable technologies that broadly benefit a susceptible population recovering from opioid use disorder.
在美国，阿片类药物过量每年导致近75000人死亡，是主要工作年龄人群（25至54岁）中死亡率的主要原因。在过量使用的情况下，如果不及时使用急救药物纳洛酮，阿片类药物引起的呼吸抑制会致命。目前，过量用药的存活完全依赖旁观者干预，需要附近的人发现并识别过量用药者，并能立即获取纳洛酮进行给药。政府的努力主要集中在大量提供纳洛酮，但没有解决过量用药救援中同样关键的因素：一个愿意且了解情况的旁观者。为满足这一未得到满足的需求，我们开发了纳洛米特：一类可自主检测和治疗过量用药、并能同时联系急救人员的救命植入式设备。我们展示了三个用于基础研究和临床转化的纳洛米特平台，均配备光学传感器、药物输送机制以及一套辅助技术生态系统，以对抗阿片类药物引起的呼吸抑制。在小型和大型动物研究中，纳洛米特能在数分钟内将原本致命的阿片类药物过量情况挽救过来。这项工作引入了改变生活、可临床转化的技术，广泛造福于正在从阿片类药物使用障碍中恢复的易感人群。
