Canoy Reynand Jay, Sy Jenica Clarisse, Deguit Christian Deo, Castro Caitlin Bridgette, Dimaapi Lyoneil James, Panlaqui Beatrice Gabrielle, Perian Wenzel, Yu Justine, Velasco John Mark, Sevilleja Jesus Emmanuel, Gibson Anna
SciLore LLC, Kingsbury, TX, United States.
Instiute of Biology, College of Science, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines.
Front Neurosci. 2024 Jun 28;18:1421675. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1421675. eCollection 2024.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia globally, having a pathophysiology that is complex and multifactorial. Recent findings highlight the significant role of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), specifically microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs), and piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) in the molecular mechanisms underlying AD. These ncRNAs are involved in critical biological processes such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, oxidative stress, amyloid-beta aggregation, tau phosphorylation, neuroinflammation, and autophagy, which are pivotal in AD development and progression. This systematic review aims to consolidate current scientific knowledge on the role of ncRNAs in AD, making it the first to encompass the four types of ncRNAs associated with the disease. Our comprehensive search and analysis reveal that ncRNAs not only play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of AD but also hold potential as biomarkers for its early detection and as novel therapeutic targets. Specifically, the findings underscore the significance of miRNAs in regulating genes involved in key AD pathways such as activin receptor signaling pathway, actomyosin contractile ring organization, and advanced glycation endproducts-receptor advanced glycation endproducts (AGE-RAGE) signaling pathway. This review also highlights the potential of ncRNAs in unveiling novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, emphasizing the need for further research to validate their clinical utility. Our systematic exploration provides a foundation for future bioinformatic analyses and the development of ncRNA-based precision medicine approaches for AD, offering new insights into the disease's molecular pathology and paving the way for innovative treatment strategies.
PROSPERO, https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, CRD42022355307.
阿尔茨海默病（AD）是全球痴呆症的主要病因，其病理生理学复杂且具有多因素性。最近的研究结果突出了非编码RNA（ncRNA），特别是微小RNA（miRNA）、长链非编码RNA（lncRNA）、环状RNA（circRNA）和与PIWI相互作用的RNA（piRNA）在AD潜在分子机制中的重要作用。这些ncRNA参与细胞增殖、凋亡、氧化应激、淀粉样β蛋白聚集、tau蛋白磷酸化、神经炎症和自噬等关键生物学过程，这些过程在AD的发生和发展中起着关键作用。本系统综述旨在整合当前关于ncRNA在AD中作用的科学知识，使其成为首个涵盖与该疾病相关的四种ncRNA类型的综述。我们全面的检索和分析表明，ncRNA不仅在AD的发病机制中起关键作用，而且在其早期检测中作为生物标志物以及作为新的治疗靶点也具有潜力。具体而言，研究结果强调了miRNA在调节参与AD关键途径的基因中的重要性，如激活素受体信号通路、肌动球蛋白收缩环组织以及晚期糖基化终产物受体晚期糖基化终产物（AGE-RAGE）信号通路。本综述还强调了ncRNA在揭示新的诊断和治疗策略方面的潜力，强调需要进一步研究以验证其临床实用性。我们的系统探索为未来基于ncRNA的AD生物信息学分析和精准医学方法的开发奠定了基础，为该疾病的分子病理学提供了新的见解，并为创新治疗策略铺平了道路。
PROSPERO，https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/，CRD42022355307。
