Liu Yejun, Kong Yonggang, Zhou Xuhong
Department of Otolaryngology, Qianjiang Central Hospital Qianjiang 433100, Hubei, China.
Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, People's Hospital of Wuhan University Wuhan 430060, Hubei, China.
Am J Transl Res. 2024 Jun 15;16(6):2670-2682. doi: 10.62347/GKZE5945. eCollection 2024.
To identify potential clinical diagnostic and prognostic markers for allergic rhinitis (AR) by analyzing a range of inflammatory and clinical markers in a cohort of patients.
We conducted a retrospective analysis of clinical data from 493 AR patients treated at Qianjiang Central Hospital from January to March 2023. Patients were categorized based on their outcome. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were strictly applied to select the study population. Various clinical and inflammatory markers were assessed, and statistical analyses were performed to evaluate their diagnostic and prognostic utility.
No significant differences in traditional demographic factors were found between the good and poor prognosis groups (all P > 0.05). However, significant differences were observed in several inflammatory and clinical markers: Interleukin-4 (IL-4) levels were 17.32 ± 4.21 pg/mL in the good prognosis group versus 18.56 ± 5.89 pg/mL in the poor prognosis group (t=2.562, P=0.011). Interleukin-5 (IL-5) levels were 15.65 ± 3.78 pg/mL versus 16.52 ± 4.56 pg/mL, respectively (t=2.221, P=0.027). Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) levels were 39.16 ± 8.92 pg/mL versus 41.32 ± 9.67 pg/mL (t=2.513, P=0.012), and histamine levels were 11.87 ± 3.21 ng/mL versus 12.56 ± 4.03 ng/mL (t=1.991, P=0.047). Interleukin-13 (IL-13) levels were 16.32 ± 3.56 pg/mL versus 17.09 ± 4.21 pg/mL (t=2.108, P=0.036). Serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels were significantly different, with 164.87 ± 45.32 IU/mL in the good prognosis group compared to 198.56 ± 58.21 IU/mL in the poor prognosis group (t=6.866, P < 0.001). The composite biomarker model demonstrated high predictive value for AR prognosis with an Area Under Curve of 0.906. Individual markers such as TGF-β1, IL-13, and serum IgE levels showed strong diagnostic potential.
Our findings underscore the clinical utility of various inflammatory and clinical markers as diagnostic and prognostic indicators for AR. TGF-β1, IL-13, and serum IgE levels, in particular, demonstrated significant diagnostic and prognostic value. An integrated approach combining multiple biomarkers could enhance the accuracy of AR diagnosis and prognosis. Further validation through prospective clinical studies and consideration of treatment interventions are recommended to clarify the clinical implications of these markers.
通过分析一组患者的一系列炎症和临床标志物，确定变应性鼻炎（AR）潜在的临床诊断和预后标志物。
我们对2023年1月至3月在潜江中心医院接受治疗的493例AR患者的临床资料进行了回顾性分析。根据患者的结局进行分类。严格应用纳入和排除标准以选择研究人群。评估了各种临床和炎症标志物，并进行统计分析以评估其诊断和预后效用。
预后良好组和预后不良组在传统人口统计学因素方面未发现显著差异（所有P>0.05）。然而，在几种炎症和临床标志物方面观察到显著差异：预后良好组白细胞介素-4（IL-4）水平为17.32±4.21 pg/mL，而预后不良组为18.56±5.89 pg/mL（t=2.562，P=0.011）。白细胞介素-5（IL-5）水平分别为15.65±3.78 pg/mL和16.52±4.56 pg/mL（t=2.221，P=0.027）。转化生长因子-β1（TGF-β1）水平为39.16±8.92 pg/mL和41.32±9.67 pg/mL（t=2. 513，P=0.012），组胺水平为11.87±3.21 ng/mL和12.56±4.03 ng/mL（t=1.991，P=0.047）。白细胞介素-13（IL-13）水平为16.32±3.56 pg/mL和17.09±4.21 pg/mL（t=2.108，P=0.036）。血清免疫球蛋白E（IgE）水平有显著差异，预后良好组为164.87±45.32 IU/mL，而预后不良组为198.56±58.21 IU/mL（t=6.866，P<0.001）。复合生物标志物模型对AR预后具有较高的预测价值，曲线下面积为0.906。TGF-β1、IL-13和血清IgE水平等单个标志物显示出较强的诊断潜力。
我们的研究结果强调了各种炎症和临床标志物作为AR诊断和预后指标的临床效用。特别是TGF-β1、IL-13和血清IgE水平显示出显著的诊断和预后价值。结合多种生物标志物的综合方法可提高AR诊断和预后的准确性。建议通过前瞻性临床研究进一步验证并考虑治疗干预措施，以阐明这些标志物的临床意义。
