Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, USA; email:
Annu Rev Microbiol. 2024 Nov;78(1):191-211. doi: 10.1146/annurev-micro-041522-102901. Epub 2024 Nov 7.
Envelope biogenesis and homeostasis in gram-negative bacteria are exceptionally intricate processes that require a multitude of periplasmic chaperones to ensure cellular survival. Remarkably, these chaperones perform diverse yet specialized functions entirely in the absence of external energy such as ATP, and as such have evolved sophisticated mechanisms by which their activities are regulated. In this article, we provide an overview of the predominant periplasmic chaperones that enable efficient outer membrane biogenesis and envelope homeostasis in . We also discuss stress responses that act to combat unfolded protein stress within the cell envelope, highlighting the periplasmic chaperones involved and the mechanisms by which envelope homeostasis is restored.
革兰氏阴性菌的信封生物发生和动态平衡是极其复杂的过程，需要多种周质伴侣来确保细胞存活。值得注意的是，这些伴侣在完全没有外部能量（如 ATP）的情况下执行着不同但专门的功能，因此它们已经进化出了复杂的调节机制。在本文中，我们概述了主要的周质伴侣，这些伴侣使有效外膜生物发生和信封动态平衡成为可能。我们还讨论了对抗细胞信封内未折叠蛋白应激的应激反应，突出了涉及的周质伴侣以及恢复信封动态平衡的机制。
