Meisner Julianne, McLeland-Wieser Hilary, Traylor Elizabeth E, Hermesh Barak, Berg Tabata, Roess Amira, Van Patter Lauren, Rosenthal Anat, Davidovitch Nadav, Rabinowitz Peter M
Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
One Health. 2024 Jan 9;18:100676. doi: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2024.100676. eCollection 2024 Jun.
The One Health conceptual framework envisions human, animal, and environmental health as interconnected. This framework has achieved remarkable progress in the control of zoonotic diseases, but it commonly neglects the environmental domain, implicitly prioritizes human life over the life of other beings, and fails to consider the political, cultural, social, historical, and economic contexts that shape the health of multispecies collectives. We have developed a novel theoretical framework, Relational One Health, which expands the boundaries of One Health, clearly defines the environmental domain, and provides an avenue for engagement with critical theory. We present a systematic literature review of One Health frameworks to demonstrate the novelty of Relational One Health, and to orient it with respect to other critically-engaged frameworks for One Health. Our results indicate that while Relational One Health complements several earlier frameworks, these other frameworks are either not intended for research, or for narrow sets of research questions. We then demonstrate the utility of Relational One Health for One Health research through case studies in Brazil, Israel, and Ethiopia. Empirical research which is grounded in theory can speak collectively, increasing the impact of individual studies and the field as a whole. One Health is uniquely poised to address several wicked challenges facing the 21st century-climate change, pandemics, neglected zoonoses, and biodiversity collapse-and a unifying theoretical tradition is key to generating the evidence needed to meet these challenges.
“同一健康”概念框架将人类、动物和环境健康视为相互关联的整体。该框架在人畜共患病防控方面取得了显著进展，但通常忽视了环境领域，暗中将人类生命置于其他生物生命之上，且未能考虑塑造多物种群体健康的政治、文化、社会、历史和经济背景。我们开发了一种全新的理论框架——“关系性同一健康”，它拓展了“同一健康”的边界，明确界定了环境领域，并为与批判理论的结合提供了途径。我们对“同一健康”框架进行了系统的文献综述，以展示“关系性同一健康”的新颖性，并将其与其他批判性参与的“同一健康”框架进行定位。我们的结果表明，虽然“关系性同一健康”补充了几个早期框架，但这些其他框架要么并非用于研究，要么针对的是狭窄的研究问题集。然后，我们通过巴西、以色列和埃塞俄比亚的案例研究，展示了“关系性同一健康”在“同一健康”研究中的效用。基于理论的实证研究能够形成合力，增强个体研究及整个领域的影响力。“同一健康”在应对21世纪面临的若干棘手挑战——气候变化、大流行、被忽视的人畜共患病以及生物多样性崩溃——方面具有独特优势，而统一的理论传统是生成应对这些挑战所需证据的关键。
