Bilal Muhammad, Khan Yaseen
Department of Medicine, Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar, PAK.
Department of Internal Medicine, Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar, PAK.
Cureus. 2024 Jun 12;16(6):e62211. doi: 10.7759/cureus.62211. eCollection 2024 Jun.
Introduction Lymphomas take place when cells of the lymphatic system divide and re-divide in an uncontrolled fashion, and lymphomas have been termed as a "diverse group" of cancer, playing a major role in the area of oncology. The clinical behavior and manifestations of lymphomas in the head and neck region usually lack specific characteristics that would enable attribution to a specific lymphoma entity without biopsy and histological evidence. This study aimed to determine the frequency of common clinical features among patients with lymphoma. Methods This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of General Medicine, Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar, from October 28, 2021 to April 28, 2022. The inclusion criteria consisted of individuals who were recently diagnosed with lymphoma and were between the ages of 10 and 50, regardless of their gender. This study enrolled a total of 186 patients diagnosed with lymphoma and assessed for common signs and symptoms. The data-gathering process included in-depth interviews, evaluations of medical history, physical exams, and initial investigations. The data analysis was done using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 20.0 (Released 2011; IBM Corp., Armonk, New York, United States). Results The mean age of the patients was 34.5±9.6 years. Out of the total, 115 (61.8%) were men and 71 (38.2%) were women. With regard to symptoms, 134 (72%) had a fever, 80 (43%) had abdominal pain, 102 (54.8%) had vomiting, 49 (26.3%) had a headache, 111 (59.7%) had weight loss, and 17 (9.1%) had a cough. With regard to signs, 33 (17.7%) had painless lymphadenopathy, 58 (31.2%) had jaundice, 157 (84.4%) had anemia, 147 (79%) had hepatomegaly, 160 (86%) had splenomegaly, 24 (12.9%) had ascites, and 16 (8.6%) had abdominal tenderness. Conclusion The varied clinical appearance of lymphoma makes treatment difficult. In severe cases of lymphoma, early and timely diagnosis is crucial for proper and prompt treatment. The signs and symptoms, along with demographic information of patients, thorough medical history, imaging testing, and clinical examination, may indicate lymphoma.
引言
淋巴瘤是淋巴系统细胞以不受控制的方式不断分裂而产生的，它被称为癌症中的“多样化群体”，在肿瘤学领域中起着重要作用。头颈部淋巴瘤的临床行为和表现通常缺乏特异性特征，在没有活检和组织学证据的情况下，无法明确归属于特定的淋巴瘤类型。本研究旨在确定淋巴瘤患者常见临床特征的出现频率。
方法
本描述性横断面研究于2021年10月28日至2022年4月28日在白沙瓦市雷丁夫人医院普通内科进行。纳入标准为年龄在10至50岁之间、近期被诊断为淋巴瘤的个体，不限性别。本研究共纳入186例被诊断为淋巴瘤的患者，并对其常见体征和症状进行评估。数据收集过程包括深入访谈、病史评估、体格检查和初步检查。数据分析使用IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows 20.0版本（2011年发布；IBM公司，美国纽约州阿蒙克）。
结果
患者的平均年龄为34.5±9.6岁。其中，男性115例（61.8%），女性71例（38.2%）。在症状方面，134例（72%）有发热，80例（43%）有腹痛，102例（54.8%）有呕吐，49例（26.3%）有头痛，111例（59.7%）有体重减轻，17例（9.1%）有咳嗽。在体征方面，33例（17.7%）有无痛性淋巴结肿大，58例（31.2%）有黄疸，157例（84.4%）有贫血，147例（79%）有肝肿大，160例（86%）有脾肿大，24例（12.9%）有腹水，16例（8.6%）有腹部压痛。
结论
淋巴瘤多样的临床表现使得治疗困难。在淋巴瘤严重的情况下，早期及时诊断对于恰当迅速的治疗至关重要。症状和体征，以及患者的人口统计学信息、详尽的病史、影像学检查和临床检查，可能提示淋巴瘤。
