Department of Medicine School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
Divisions of Clinical Epidemiology, Geriatrics, Experimental Medicine, McGill University Health Center (MUHC), Montreal, Canada.
Qual Life Res. 2024 Oct;33(10):2661-2673. doi: 10.1007/s11136-024-03720-1. Epub 2024 Jul 16.
Through interviews with 148 older persons from four countries and in four languages, the content for a 17-item measure of active living was developed. The purpose of this paper is to present further evidence of the extent to which this new measure, Older Persons Active Living (OPAL), is "fit-for-purpose" for measuring the extent of active living at one point in time.
A cross-sectional study was carried out on a population aged 65 + and living independently, drawn from a participant panel, HostedinCanada, sampling people from Canada, United States, United Kingdom, and Netherlands. The survey instrument comprised the OPAL questionnaire rated on importance and frequency, sociodemographics, and information on physical and mental function. The argument-based approach to validity framed the analyses. Logistic regression, structural equation modeling, ordinary least-squares regression, and correlation were used to generate estimates for parameters underpinning validity evidence.
A total of 1612 people completed the survey, 100 to 400 people across the 6 country-language strata. The proportion of people rating the items as extremely or quite important ranged from 60 to 90%, with no important differences between men and women and few differences between strata. A single-factor structure was supported. The ordinality of the response options justified an additive total score yielding a near normal distribution (mean: 33.1; SD: 11.5; range 0-51). Correlations with other measures of converging constructs were of moderate strength (~ 0.50), and differences across groups known to affect functioning and health were observed, suggesting a Miminal Important Difference (MID) of 6 out of 51.
The results of this study provide evidence that the 17-item OPAL measure is fit for the purpose of estimating the extent to which older persons are living actively at one point in time.
通过对来自四个国家和四种语言的 148 名老年人进行访谈，开发了一项 17 项积极生活测量的内容。本文的目的是进一步证明这个新的衡量标准，即老年人积极生活（OPAL），在衡量一个时间点的积极生活程度方面是“适合目的”的。
一项横断面研究在一个由参与者小组组成的、年龄在 65 岁及以上且独立生活的人群中进行，该小组从加拿大、美国、英国和荷兰的参与者中抽取样本。调查工具包括 OPAL 问卷，根据重要性和频率进行评分，以及社会人口统计学信息、身体和精神功能信息。基于有效性的循证方法为分析提供了框架。逻辑回归、结构方程模型、普通最小二乘法回归和相关性用于生成支持有效性证据的参数估计。
共有 1612 人完成了调查，每个国家语言组有 100 至 400 人。对项目评价为非常重要或相当重要的人的比例从 60%到 90%不等，男女之间没有显著差异，不同组之间的差异也很少。支持单一因素结构。响应选项的有序性证明了加总得分的合理性，导致接近正态分布（均值：33.1；标准差：11.5；范围 0-51）。与其他收敛结构测量的相关性为中度强度（~0.50），并观察到已知影响功能和健康的不同群体之间的差异，表明 51 分中有 6 分的最小重要差异（MID）。
这项研究的结果提供了证据，证明了 17 项 OPAL 测量在估计老年人在一个时间点积极生活程度方面是“适合目的”的。
