Pace University.
Université Paris Descartes.
J Pers. 2019 Apr;87(2):363-372. doi: 10.1111/jopy.12395. Epub 2018 Jul 4.
Because of their length and objective of broad content coverage, very short scales can show limited internal consistency and structural validity. We argue that it is because their objectives may be better aligned with formative investigations than with reflective measurement methods that capitalize on content overlap. As proofs of concept of formative investigations of short scales, we investigate the Ten-Item Personality Inventory (TIPI).
In Study 1, we administered the TIPI and the Big Five Inventory (BFI) to 938 adults and fitted a formative Multiple Indicators Multiple Causes model, which consisted of the TIPI items forming five latent variables, which in turn predicted the five BFI scores. These results were replicated in Study 2 on a sample of 759 adults, but this time with the Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R) as the external criterion.
The models fit the data adequately, and moderate to strong significant effects (.37 < |β| < .69, all ps < .001) of all five latent formative variables on their corresponding BFI and NEO-PI-R scores were observed.
This study presents a formative approach that we propose to be more consistent with the aims of scales with broad content and short length like the TIPI.
由于篇幅较长且旨在涵盖广泛的内容，非常简短的量表可能显示出有限的内部一致性和结构有效性。我们认为，这是因为它们的目的可能更符合形成性研究，而不是利用内容重叠的反思性测量方法。作为简短量表形成性研究的概念验证，我们研究了 10 项人格量表（TIPI）。
在研究 1 中，我们对 938 名成年人进行了 TIPI 和大五人格量表（BFI）的测试，并拟合了一个形成性多指标多原因模型，该模型由 TIPI 项目组成五个潜在变量，这五个潜在变量反过来又预测了五个 BFI 分数。这些结果在对 759 名成年人的样本进行的研究 2 中得到了复制，但这次的外部标准是修订后的 NEO 人格量表（NEO-PI-R）。
模型适当地拟合了数据，并且观察到所有五个潜在形成变量对其相应的 BFI 和 NEO-PI-R 分数都有中度到强烈的显著影响（0.37<|β|<0.69，所有 ps<0.001）。
本研究提出了一种形成性方法，我们建议这种方法与具有广泛内容和简短长度的量表（如 TIPI）的目标更加一致。
