Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Republic of Yemen.
Sci Rep. 2024 Jul 16;14(1):16365. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-67355-5.
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of oral contraceptive (OC) use, khat chewing, and their combined effect on telomerase level and tumor suppressor genes, p53 and p21 in breast cancer (BC) patients and normal volunteers. 140 Yemeni women aged 25-40 years old enrolled, 60 newly diagnosed pretreated BC patients, and 80 control subjects. Venous blood (5 ml) was collected and the results showed BC patients to have significantly raised levels of telomerase, p53, and p21 compared to the control group. The use of OCs significantly raised telomerase in control group with no effect in BC patients; whereas p53 and p21 were significantly increased in BC patients. On the other hand, khat chewing significantly increased p53 in controls and BC patients, whereas p21 was significantly raised in BC patients. The combined use of OCs and khat chewing significantly increased telomerase and p53 in control group, and significantly increased p53 and p21 in BC patients. Telomerase was shown to be a risk factor (OR 4.4) for BC, and the use of OCs was a high-risk factor for increasing telomerase (OR 27.8) in normal subjects. In contrast, khat chewing was shown to be protective (OR 0.142), and the combined use of OCs and khat chewing decreased the risk factor of telomerase from OR 27.8 to 2.1.
本研究旨在评估口服避孕药 (OC) 使用、阿拉伯茶咀嚼及其联合作用对乳腺癌 (BC) 患者和正常志愿者端粒酶水平和肿瘤抑制基因 p53 和 p21 的影响。招募了 140 名年龄在 25-40 岁的也门女性，其中 60 名为新诊断的预处理 BC 患者，80 名为对照组。采集了静脉血（5ml），结果显示 BC 患者的端粒酶、p53 和 p21 水平明显高于对照组。OC 的使用显著提高了对照组中端粒酶的水平，而对 BC 患者没有影响；而 p53 和 p21 在 BC 患者中显著增加。另一方面，阿拉伯茶咀嚼在对照组和 BC 患者中显著增加了 p53，而 p21 在 BC 患者中显著升高。OC 和阿拉伯茶咀嚼的联合使用显著增加了对照组中端粒酶和 p53 的水平，显著增加了 BC 患者中的 p53 和 p21。端粒酶被显示为 BC 的危险因素（OR 4.4），OC 的使用是正常受试者中端粒酶升高的高危险因素（OR 27.8）。相比之下，阿拉伯茶咀嚼被显示为保护因素（OR 0.142），OC 和阿拉伯茶咀嚼的联合使用将端粒酶的危险因素从 OR 27.8 降低到 2.1。
