Deng Guo-Feng, Wen Yuan, Cheng Jun, Huang Bo, Liu Ningling
School of Physical Education, Nanchang Institute of science & technology, Jiangxi Nanchang, 330000, China.
School of Physical Education, Shangrao Normal University, Jiangxi Shangrao, 334000, China.
BMC Psychiatry. 2024 Jul 16;24(1):504. doi: 10.1186/s12888-024-05945-3.
Declining physical activity and increasing screen time (ST) among Chinese adolescents have become major concerns shared by scholars, while mental health issues are also on the rise. Previous studies have confirmed the association between physical activity and screen time and psychological symptoms, but it is unclear how their psychological symptoms, especially for Chinese university students who have a high proportion of psychological symptoms, and no research evidence has been found.
This study investigated physical activity, screen time, and psychological symptoms in 11,173 university students aged 19-22 years in six regions of China. A binary logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the association between moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and screen time and psychological symptoms. And the generalize linear model (GLM) analysis was used to further analyze the association between MVPA and screen time and psychological symptoms.
The detection rate of psychological symptoms among Chinese university students was 16.3%, with a higher percentage of female students (17.5%) than male students (14.7%). The proportion of male students (8.2%) with MVPA > 60 min/d was higher than that of female students (2.3%), and the proportion of male students (33.8%) and female students (34.5%) with screen time > 2 h/d was basically the same. The generalize linear model (GLM) analysis showed that university students with MVPA < 30 min/d and screen time > 2 h/d (OR = 1.59, 95% CI: 1.10-2.31) had the highest risk of psychological symptoms (OR = 1.59, 95% CI: 1.10-2.31) compared to university students with MVPA > 60 min/d and screen time < 1 h/d as the reference group. The risk of psychological symptoms was the highest among those with MVPA < 30 min/d and screen time > 2 h/d (OR = 1.59,95% CI: 1.10-2.31). In addition, university students with MVPA > 60 min/d and a screen time of 1-2 h/d (OR = 0.09, 95% CI: 0.03-0.25) had the lowest risk of psychological symptoms (P < 0.001). The same trend was observed for both male and female students.
Chinese university students have a certain proportion of psychological symptom problems, and there is a significant between MVPA and screen time and psychological symptoms, and the same trend exists for both male and female students. Chinese university students should perform MVPA for not less than 60 min a day, and at the same time control the duration of screen time, and screen time should be controlled between 1 and 2 h a day, which has a better promotion effect on psychological health.
中国青少年身体活动减少和屏幕时间增加已成为学者们共同关注的主要问题，同时心理健康问题也在上升。以往研究已证实身体活动、屏幕时间与心理症状之间存在关联，但对于心理症状，尤其是心理症状比例较高的中国大学生群体，二者之间的关系尚不清楚，且未发现相关研究证据。
本研究对中国六个地区的11173名19 - 22岁大学生的身体活动、屏幕时间和心理症状进行了调查。采用二元逻辑回归分析来分析中度至剧烈身体活动（MVPA）、屏幕时间与心理症状之间的关联。并使用广义线性模型（GLM）分析进一步分析MVPA、屏幕时间与心理症状之间的关联。
中国大学生心理症状检出率为16.3%，女生比例（17.5%）高于男生（14.7%）。MVPA＞60分钟/天的男生比例（8.2%）高于女生（2.3%），屏幕时间＞2小时/天的男生比例（33.8%）和女生比例（34.5%）基本相同。广义线性模型（GLM）分析显示，以MVPA＞60分钟/天且屏幕时间＜1小时/天的大学生为参照组，MVPA＜30分钟/天且屏幕时间＞2小时/天的大学生心理症状风险最高（OR = 1.59，95%CI：1.10 - 2.31）。MVPA＜30分钟/天且屏幕时间＞2小时/天的人群心理症状风险最高（OR = 1.59，95%CI：1.10 - 2.31）。此外，MVPA＞60分钟/天且屏幕时间为1 - 2小时/天的大学生心理症状风险最低（OR = 0.09，95%CI：0.03 - 0.25）（P＜0.001）。男女生均呈现相同趋势。
中国大学生存在一定比例的心理症状问题，MVPA、屏幕时间与心理症状之间存在显著关联，且男女生均呈现相同趋势。中国大学生应每天进行不少于60分钟的MVPA，同时控制屏幕时间，将屏幕时间控制在每天1 - 2小时，这对心理健康有较好的促进作用。
