Tang Nana, Li Jiarui, Zhang Zhen
School of Physical Education, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian 463000, China.
Department of Physical Education and Research, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150006, China.
J Affect Disord. 2025 Jul 1;380:26-36. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2025.03.069. Epub 2025 Mar 19.
The prevalence of psychological symptoms among adolescents continues to increase. Sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) duration are associated with psychological symptoms, respectively. However, few national studies have been conducted in developing countries, and there is a lack of research on the association between the combined effects of SSB consumption and MVPA duration and psychological symptoms in adolescents.
In this study, 50,222 adolescents aged 12-18 years nationwide in China were assessed cross-sectionally for SSB consumption, MVPA duration, psychological symptoms, and basic participant characteristics using stratified whole-cluster random sampling in 2023. The associations of SSB consumption, MVPA duration, and psychological symptoms were analyzed using nonparametric tests, t-tests, logistic regression analyses, and ordered logistic regression analyses with generalized linear models.
The prevalence of psychological symptoms among Chinese adolescents is 20.1 %. The proportion of adolescents with SSB consumption >4 times/week was 14.8 %. The results of ordered logistic regression analysis showed that the adolescents in the group with SSB consumption <1 times/week and MVPA duration >60 min/day were used as the reference group， adolescents in the group with SSB consumption >4 times/week and MVPA duration <30 min/day had the highest risk (OR = 2.28, 95 % CI: 1.98-2.64) of the prevalence of psychological symptoms (P < 0.001). The same trend was observed in boys and girls.
SSB consumption, MVPA duration, and psychological symptoms were associated with each other in Chinese adolescents. Increasing SSB consumption and decreasing MVPA duration will lead to an increase in the prevalence of psychological symptoms in adolescents. In the future, SSB consumption and MVPA duration should be effectively controlled to reduce the prevalence of psychological symptoms and to promote the physical and mental health of Chinese adolescents.
青少年心理症状的患病率持续上升。含糖饮料（SSB）的消费和中度至剧烈身体活动（MVPA）的时长分别与心理症状相关。然而，发展中国家开展的全国性研究较少，且缺乏关于SSB消费和MVPA时长的综合影响与青少年心理症状之间关联的研究。
在本研究中，2023年采用分层整群随机抽样方法，对全国50222名12 - 18岁青少年进行了横断面评估，内容包括SSB消费、MVPA时长、心理症状及基本参与者特征。使用非参数检验、t检验、逻辑回归分析和广义线性模型的有序逻辑回归分析来分析SSB消费、MVPA时长与心理症状之间的关联。
中国青少年心理症状的患病率为20.1%。每周饮用SSB超过4次的青少年比例为14.8%。有序逻辑回归分析结果显示，以每周饮用SSB少于1次且MVPA时长大于60分钟/天的组中的青少年作为参照组，每周饮用SSB超过4次且MVPA时长少于30分钟/天的组中的青少年心理症状患病率最高（OR = 2.28，95%CI：1.98 - 2.64）（P < 0.001）。男孩和女孩中均观察到相同趋势。
在中国青少年中，SSB消费、MVPA时长和心理症状相互关联。增加SSB消费和减少MVPA时长会导致青少年心理症状患病率上升。未来，应有效控制SSB消费和MVPA时长，以降低心理症状患病率，促进中国青少年的身心健康。
