Hanzal Simon, Learmonth Gemma, Thut Gregor, Harvey Monika
School of Psychology and Neuroscience University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, United Kingdom.
PLoS One. 2024 Jul 17;19(7):e0292695. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292695. eCollection 2024.
Trait fatigues reflects tiredness that persists throughout a prolonged period, whereas state fatigue is a short-term reaction to intense or prolonged effort. We investigated the impact of sustained attention (using the SART) on both trait and state fatigue levels in the general population. An online version of the SART was undertaken by 115 participants, stratified across the whole adult lifespan. While pre-task trait fatigue was a strong indicator of the initial state fatigue levels, undergoing the task itself induced an increase in reported subjective state fatigue, and an accompanying reduction in subjective energy rating. Consistent with this finding, greater subjective state fatigue levels were associated with reduced accuracy. In addition, age was the best predictor of inter-participant accuracy (the older the participants, the greater the accuracy), and learning (i.e., task duration reducing reaction times). Moreover, a ceiling effect occurred where participants with higher trait fatigue did not experience greater state fatigue changes relative to those with low trait scores. In summary, we found improved accuracy in older adults, as well as a tight coupling between state fatigue and SART performance decline (in an online environment). The findings warrant further investigation into fatigue as a dynamic, task-dependent state and into SART performance as an objective measure and inducer of fatigue.
特质疲劳反映的是在较长时期内持续存在的疲倦，而状态疲劳是对高强度或长时间努力的短期反应。我们研究了持续注意力（使用连续性能测试）对普通人群特质和状态疲劳水平的影响。115名参与者进行了在线版的连续性能测试，这些参与者涵盖了整个成年人的年龄范围。虽然任务前的特质疲劳是初始状态疲劳水平的一个有力指标，但执行任务本身会导致报告的主观状态疲劳增加，同时主观能量评级下降。与这一发现一致的是，更高的主观状态疲劳水平与准确性降低相关。此外，年龄是参与者间准确性的最佳预测因素（参与者年龄越大，准确性越高），以及学习（即任务持续时间缩短反应时间）。而且，出现了一种天花板效应，即特质疲劳较高的参与者相对于特质分数较低的参与者，并没有经历更大的状态疲劳变化。总之，我们发现老年人的准确性有所提高，以及状态疲劳与连续性能测试表现下降（在在线环境中）之间存在紧密关联。这些发现值得进一步研究疲劳作为一种动态的、依赖任务的状态，以及将连续性能测试表现作为疲劳的一种客观测量和诱发因素。
