Safai B, Johnson K G, Myskowski P L, Koziner B, Yang S Y, Cunningham-Rundles S, Godbold J H, Dupont B
Ann Intern Med. 1985 Nov;103(5):744-50. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-103-5-744.
Kaposi's sarcoma is a multifocal systemic neoplasm histologically characterized by proliferating fibroblastic and microvascular elements. Initial signs include macules, papules, or nodules on the skin or mucosal surface. Lesions are frequently found on the trunk, arms, and head and neck. In general, sites of involvement and tumor load do not correlate with prognosis. A general decrease in the functional capacities of T and B cells is found in most patients. Kaposi's sarcoma is reported as the initial manifestation of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in approximately 30% of cases. Most cases are in men, although it has been reported in all risk groups. Kaposi's sarcoma in AIDS is more frequent among whites and homosexuals than blacks and intravenous drug abusers. Overall mortality is approximately 41%, with over 60% of patients alive at 1 year and 50% at 22 months. Overall survival is 18 months; however, some patients who have had the disease for 3 to 4 years are still doing well.
卡波西肉瘤是一种多灶性全身性肿瘤，组织学特征为成纤维细胞和微血管成分增生。最初的体征包括皮肤或黏膜表面的斑疹、丘疹或结节。病变常见于躯干、手臂以及头颈部。一般来说，受累部位和肿瘤负荷与预后无关。大多数患者存在T细胞和B细胞功能普遍下降的情况。在大约30%的病例中，卡波西肉瘤被报告为获得性免疫缺陷综合征（艾滋病）的初始表现。大多数病例发生在男性中，不过所有风险群体中均有报告。艾滋病相关的卡波西肉瘤在白人及同性恋者中比黑人和静脉吸毒者更为常见。总体死亡率约为41%，超过60%的患者在1年时存活，22个月时为50%。总体生存期为18个月；然而，一些患病3至4年的患者情况仍然良好。
