Department of Physical Therapy and Sports Recovery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Poznan University of Physical Education, 61-871, Poznań, Poland.
Department of Athletics, Strength and Conditioning, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Poznan University of Physical Education, 61-871, Poznań, Poland.
J Therm Biol. 2024 Jul;123:103918. doi: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2024.103918. Epub 2024 Jul 14.
During strenuous exercise, skin temperature (Tsk) plays an essential role in thermoregulatory processes. As indicated in the literature, its response might be influenced by body composition, among other factors. Hence, the objectives of this investigation were to determine whether there is a correlation between selected body components, specifically fat tissue and muscle tissue, and Tsk during graded exercise and recovery in athletes, and to identify which body component exhibits the strongest correlation with Tsk. Participants were grouped according to their aerobic capacity (VOmax/kg). A significant main effect was observed for the test stages (p < .001, η = 0.71), with Tsk decreasing from the start of the exercise, significantly decreasing at 12 km/h (p < .001), and then increasing after exercise, especially within the first 5 min of recovery. Weak and non-significant effect for group/stage interaction was detected (p = .374, η = 0.03). A significant negative correlation was found between Tsk and both total tissue fat [%] (-0.51 < r < -0.63, p < .001) and lower limb tissue fat [%] (-0.50 < r < -0.71, p < .001) across all test stages. The correlation between Tsk and BMI was inconsistent, appearing only during the first stage of exercise and throughout recovery. No correlation was observed between Tsk and skeletal muscle mass, appendicular lean soft tissue, or relative skeletal muscle index. Endurance running to exhaustion leads to a progressive decrease in the Tsk of the lower extremity, followed by rewarming during recovery. The observed inverse correlation between adipose tissue and Tsk, along with the distinct temperature trends in groups with varying levels of fat tissue, could imply that the skin and subcutaneous tissue complex may play a more intricate role in thermal energy exchange beyond its insulating function. This implies a multifaceted involvement of these tissues in thermoregulation.
在剧烈运动过程中，皮肤温度（Tsk）在体温调节过程中起着至关重要的作用。文献表明，其反应可能受到身体成分等因素的影响。因此，本研究的目的是确定在运动员进行分级运动和恢复过程中，特定身体成分（特别是脂肪组织和肌肉组织）与 Tsk 是否存在相关性，以及哪种身体成分与 Tsk 相关性最强。参与者根据其有氧能力（VOmax/kg）进行分组。测试阶段有显著的主效应（p<.001，η=0.71），Tsk 从运动开始时下降，在 12 公里/小时时显著下降（p<.001），然后在运动后增加，特别是在恢复的前 5 分钟内。未检测到组/阶段交互作用的弱且无统计学意义的影响（p=.374，η=0.03）。Tsk 与总组织脂肪 [%]（-0.51<r<-0.63，p<.001）和下肢组织脂肪 [%]（-0.50<r<-0.71，p<.001）在所有测试阶段均呈显著负相关。Tsk 与 BMI 之间的相关性不一致，仅在运动的第一阶段和整个恢复期间出现。Tsk 与骨骼肌质量、四肢瘦软组织、或相对骨骼肌指数之间没有相关性。耐力跑至力竭导致下肢 Tsk 逐渐下降，随后在恢复过程中复温。观察到脂肪组织与 Tsk 之间呈反向相关，以及不同脂肪组织水平组之间明显的温度趋势，这可能意味着皮肤和皮下组织复合物在热能交换中可能发挥比隔热功能更复杂的作用。这意味着这些组织在体温调节中具有多方面的参与。
