Division of Viral Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333, United States.
Division of Viral Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333, United States.
Vaccine. 2024 Nov 14;42(25):126143. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.07.044. Epub 2024 Jul 16.
This paper highlights recent clinical complications of mumps reported in the United States and summarizes appropriate confirmatory testing for mumps, encouraging vigilance for mumps disease, an endemic vaccine-preventable illness.
Surveillance data from jurisdictions reporting confirmed and probable cases of mumps in the United States were descriptively analyzed to assess epidemiologic trends from January 1, 2018 - December 31, 2023. Data were reported to the National Notifiable Disease Surveillance System and the Epidemiology and Laboratory Capacity Project O. Cases were classified according to the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists 2011 mumps case definition.
From 2018-2023, United States health departments reported 8,006 confirmed and probable mumps cases to the National Notifiable Disease Surveillance System, of which 85.4% occurred during January 1, 2018-April 4, 2020 and 14.6% during April 5, 2020-December 31, 2023. The incidence of mumps was highest among those aged 18-24 years during 2018-2020 (maximum of 4.54 cases per 100,000 persons in 2019), and highest among those aged 1-4 years during 2021-2023 (maximum 0.67 per 100,000 persons in 2023). Incidence among all age groups during 2021-2023 remained below levels during 2018-2020. Fewer than 12% of mumps cases were confirmed during 2021-2023, compared to >50% during 2018-2019.
Although incidence has declined since the COVID-19 pandemic, these surveillance data highlight that mumps remains endemic in the United States. Therefore, maintaining high MMR vaccination coverage is essential to prevent future vaccine-preventable outbreaks and minimize severe complications from infection.
本文重点介绍了美国近期报告的流行性腮腺炎的临床并发症，并总结了流行性腮腺炎的适当确认性检测方法，以提高对流行性腮腺炎这一地方性、可通过疫苗预防疾病的警惕。
对美国报告的确诊和疑似流行性腮腺炎病例的监测数据进行描述性分析，以评估 2018 年 1 月 1 日至 2023 年 12 月 31 日期间的流行病学趋势。数据向国家传染病监测系统和流行病学和实验室能力项目 O 报告。病例根据 2011 年州和地区流行病学家理事会的流行性腮腺炎病例定义进行分类。
2018 年至 2023 年期间，美国卫生部门向国家传染病监测系统报告了 8006 例确诊和疑似流行性腮腺炎病例，其中 85.4%发生在 2018 年 1 月 1 日至 2020 年 4 月 4 日，14.6%发生在 2020 年 4 月 5 日至 2023 年 12 月 31 日。2018 年至 2020 年期间，18-24 岁人群的流行性腮腺炎发病率最高（2019 年最高为每 10 万人 4.54 例），2021 年至 2023 年期间，1-4 岁人群的发病率最高（2023 年最高为每 10 万人 0.67 例）。2021 年至 2023 年期间，所有年龄组的发病率均低于 2018 年至 2020 年期间的水平。与 2018 年至 2019 年期间的发病率超过 50%相比，2021 年至 2023 年期间，流行性腮腺炎确诊病例不到 12%。
尽管自 COVID-19 大流行以来，发病率有所下降，但这些监测数据强调，流行性腮腺炎在美国仍然流行。因此，维持高麻疹、腮腺炎、风疹疫苗（Measles, Mumps, Rubella，MMR）接种覆盖率对于预防未来的疫苗可预防疫情和最大限度减少感染的严重并发症至关重要。
