Zhu Yuyan, Wang Yang, Pang Xingchen, Jiang Yongbo, Liu Xiaoxian, Li Qing, Wang Zhen, Liu Chunsen, Hu Weida, Zhou Peng
State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200083, China.
Nat Commun. 2024 Jul 17;15(1):6015. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-50353-6.
Cutting-edge mid-wavelength infrared (MWIR) sensing technologies leverage infrared photodetectors, memory units, and computing units to enhance machine vision. Real-time processing and decision-making challenges emerge with the increasing number of intelligent pixels. However, current operations are limited to in-sensor computing capabilities for near-infrared technology, and high-performance MWIR detectors for multi-state switching functions are lacking. Here, we demonstrate a non-volatile MoS/black phosphorus (BP) heterojunction MWIR photovoltaic detector featuring a semi-floating gate structure design, integrating near- to mid-infrared photodetection, memory and computing (PMC) functionalities. The PMC device exhibits the property of being able to store a stable responsivity, which varies linearly with the stored conductance state. Significantly, device weights (stable responsivity) can be programmed with power consumption as low as 1.8 fJ, and the blackbody peak responsivity can reach 1.68 A/W for the MWIR band. In the simulation of Faster Region with convolution neural network (CNN) based on the FLIR dataset, the PMC hardware responsivity weights can reach 89% mean Average Precision index of the feature extraction network software weights. This MWIR photovoltaic detector, with its versatile functionalities, holds significant promise for applications in advanced infrared object detection and recognition systems.
前沿的中波长红外（MWIR）传感技术利用红外光电探测器、存储单元和计算单元来增强机器视觉。随着智能像素数量的增加，实时处理和决策挑战也随之出现。然而，目前的操作仅限于近红外技术的传感器内计算能力，并且缺乏用于多态切换功能的高性能MWIR探测器。在此，我们展示了一种具有半浮栅结构设计的非易失性MoS/黑磷（BP）异质结MWIR光伏探测器，集成了近红外到中红外光电探测、存储和计算（PMC）功能。该PMC器件具有能够存储稳定响应度的特性，其随存储的电导状态线性变化。值得注意的是，器件权重（稳定响应度）可以在低至1.8 fJ的功耗下进行编程，并且对于MWIR波段，黑体峰值响应度可达到1.68 A/W。在基于FLIR数据集的卷积神经网络（CNN）的更快区域（Faster Region）模拟中，PMC硬件响应度权重可以达到特征提取网络软件权重的平均精度指数的89%。这种具有多功能的MWIR光伏探测器在先进的红外目标检测和识别系统中具有巨大的应用前景。
