Wang Yiming, Zhang Xuesong, Zhao Kaiguang, Singh Debjani
USDA-ARS Hydrology and Remote Sensing Laboratory, Beltsville, MD, 20705-2350, USA.
Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, School of Environment and Natural Resources, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH, 44691, USA.
Sci Data. 2024 Jul 17;11(1):788. doi: 10.1038/s41597-024-03618-0.
Long-term streamflow observations contain essential information for understanding hydrological changes and managing water resources. A continental-scale dataset or analysis of temporal streamflow change is still lacking across hydrologic gauges in the Conterminous United States (CONUS). Here, we compiled 70 years of streamflow records from 1951 to 2021 at ~ 8000 hydrologic stations across the CONUS and characterized temporal trends, regime shifts, and extreme events using a Bayesian time series analysis algorithm. We found that the occurrences of sudden streamflow changes (e.g., regime shifts and extreme events) have been increasing with time across the CONUS. In addition, we derived 181 streamflow indicators that are valuable for hydrological and biological applications, such as the duration and frequency of high or low streamflow events. The Mississippi River Basin, especially the middle and lower parts, was a hot spot of high-frequency high-flow events. Overall, we anticipate the dataset generated here offers valuable information for understanding and quantifying changes in water resources across the CONUS.
长期的流量观测包含理解水文变化和管理水资源的关键信息。在美国本土（CONUS），跨水文测量站仍缺乏大陆尺度的数据集或流量随时间变化的分析。在此，我们汇编了1951年至2021年美国本土约8000个水文站的70年流量记录，并使用贝叶斯时间序列分析算法对时间趋势、状态转移和极端事件进行了特征描述。我们发现，美国本土范围内流量的突然变化（如状态转移和极端事件）的发生频率一直在随时间增加。此外，我们得出了181个对水文和生物应用有价值的流量指标，如高流量或低流量事件的持续时间和频率。密西西比河流域，尤其是中下游地区，是高频高流量事件的热点地区。总体而言，我们预计这里生成的数据集将为理解和量化美国本土水资源变化提供有价值的信息。
