Wildlife Ecology & Health Group (WE&H) and Servei d'Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge (SEFaS), Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Facultat de Veterinària,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Travessera dels turons s/n, Edifici V, Bellaterra 08193, Spain.
Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Grupo de Investigación en Sanidad Animal y Zoonosis (GISAZ), UIC Zoonosis y Enfermedades Emergentes ENZOEM, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus Universitario Rabanales, Edificio Sanidad Animal 3a planta, Córdoba 14071, Spain.
J Wildl Dis. 2024 Oct 1;60(4):912-923. doi: 10.7589/JWD-D-23-00080.
Contagious ecthyma is a common, worldwide, and highly transmissible viral zoonotic skin disease caused by the orf virus (ORFV). It mainly affects farmed small ruminants, but it has also been described in a broad range of wild and domestic mammals, with Caprinae species most susceptible. Between November 2019 and January 2020, adults, juveniles, yearlings, and kids from an Iberian ibex (Capra pyrenaica) population established in the Montgrí Massif Natural Park (Catalonia, northeastern Spain) were observed with clinical signs and lesions compatible with ORFV infection. The carcass of an adult male with severe disease enabled sample collection for histopathology and molecular studies, confirming ORFV DNA in the skin lesions. Sequence analyses indicated that the ORFV strain detected had high homology (>98%) with strains previously obtained from other European wild ruminant species. The outbreak peaked in December 2019, with an estimated prevalence of 68.97% (95% confidence interval, 53.35-84.59). From February 2020 forward, no individuals with lesions were observed. The yearly counts for population monitoring corroborated the apparently negligible ORFV impact on the ibex population of the Montgrí Natural Park. There are no previous reports of contagious ecthyma in a free-ranging Iberian ibex population.
传染性脓疱性皮炎是一种常见的、全球性的、高度传染性的病毒性人畜共患病，由口疮病毒（ORFV）引起。它主要影响养殖的小反刍动物，但也已在广泛的野生和家养哺乳动物中描述过，其中 Caprinae 物种最易受感染。2019 年 11 月至 2020 年 1 月，在西班牙东北部加泰罗尼亚的蒙格利 Massif 自然公园（Montgrí Massif Natural Park）建立的伊比利亚野山羊（Capra pyrenaica）种群中，观察到成年、幼年、一岁和幼仔出现与 ORFV 感染一致的临床症状和病变。一只患有严重疾病的成年雄性山羊的尸体允许进行组织病理学和分子研究的样本采集，证实了皮肤病变中的 ORFV DNA。序列分析表明，检测到的 ORFV 株与之前从其他欧洲野生反刍动物物种中获得的株具有高度同源性（>98%）。疫情在 2019 年 12 月达到高峰，估计患病率为 68.97%（95%置信区间，53.35-84.59）。从 2020 年 2 月起，未观察到有病变的个体。对种群监测的年度计数证实，ORFV 对蒙格利自然公园的野山羊种群的影响显然可以忽略不计。以前没有关于自由放养的伊比利亚野山羊种群中传染性脓疱性皮炎的报告。
