Rezaee Asl Reyhaneh Saadat, Rahimzadeh-Bajgiran Fatemeh, Saburi Ehsan
Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University Mashhad, Iran.
Medical Genetics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad, Iran.
Am J Stem Cells. 2024 Jun 15;13(3):152-161. doi: 10.62347/DMKY5924. eCollection 2024.
Replacing damaged organs or tissues and repairing damage by tissue engineering are attracting great interest today. A potentially effective method for bone remodeling involves combining nanofiber scaffolds with extracellular matrix (ECM), and growth factors. Today, electrospun PCL-based scaffolds are widely used for tissue engineering applications.
In this study, we used an electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffold coated with fibronectin (Fn), a ubiquitous ECM glycoprotein, to investigate the induction potential of this scaffold in osteogenesis with adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs).
Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis showed that fibronectin, by binding to the membrane receptors of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), leads to their attachment and proliferation on the PCL scaffold and provides a suitable environment for osteogenesis. In addition, biochemical tests showed that fibronectin leads to increased calcium deposition. The results also showed that alkaline phosphatase activity was significantly higher in the PCL scaffold coated with fibronectin than in the control groups (PCL scaffold group and tissue culture polystyrene (TCPS) group) (P<0.05). Also, the analysis of quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) data showed that the relative expression of bone marker genes such as osteonectin (ON), osteocalcin (OC), RUNX family transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), and collagen type I alpha 1 (COL1) was much higher in the cells seeded on the PCL/Fn scaffold than in the other groups (P<0.05).
The results show that fibronectin has an increasing effect in accelerating bone formation and promising potential for use in bone tissue engineering.
通过组织工程来替换受损器官或组织并修复损伤，如今正引起人们极大的兴趣。一种潜在有效的骨重塑方法涉及将纳米纤维支架与细胞外基质（ECM）及生长因子相结合。如今，基于电纺聚己内酯（PCL）的支架被广泛用于组织工程应用。
在本研究中，我们使用了一种涂有纤连蛋白（Fn，一种普遍存在的ECM糖蛋白）的电纺聚己内酯（PCL）支架，来研究该支架对脂肪来源间充质干细胞（AD-MSCs）成骨的诱导潜力。
扫描电子显微镜（SEM）分析表明，纤连蛋白通过与间充质干细胞（MSCs）的膜受体结合，导致其在PCL支架上附着和增殖，并为成骨提供了适宜的环境。此外，生化测试表明纤连蛋白可导致钙沉积增加。结果还显示，涂有纤连蛋白的PCL支架中的碱性磷酸酶活性显著高于对照组（PCL支架组和组织培养聚苯乙烯（TCPS）组）（P<0.05）。而且，定量逆转录聚合酶链反应（qRT-PCR）数据的分析表明，在接种于PCL/Fn支架上的细胞中，骨标志物基因如骨连接蛋白（ON）、骨钙素（OC）、RUNX家族转录因子2（RUNX2）和I型胶原蛋白α1（COL1）的相对表达远高于其他组（P<0.05）。
结果表明，纤连蛋白在加速骨形成方面具有增强作用，在骨组织工程中有良好的应用潜力。
