Hungerford D S, Lennox D W
Orthop Clin North Am. 1985 Oct;16(4):635-54.
Early diagnosis of osteonecrosis by radiograph, bone scan, CT scan, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), intraosseous pressure measurement, or intraosseous venogram can lead to early successful treatment. For early (Ficat stages I and II) osteonecrosis of the hip, core decompression can provide diagnostic confirmation and pain relief and may prevent progression of disease. For more advanced disease (Ficat stages II and IV), osteotomy, endoprosthetic or bipolar prosthetic replacement, total hip arthroplasty, and arthrodesis are surgical options.
通过X线片、骨扫描、CT扫描、磁共振成像（MRI）、骨内压测量或骨内静脉造影对骨坏死进行早期诊断，可实现早期成功治疗。对于早期（Ficat I期和II期）髋关节骨坏死，髓芯减压可提供诊断依据并缓解疼痛，还可能防止疾病进展。对于更晚期的疾病（Ficat III期和IV期），截骨术、内置假体或双极假体置换、全髋关节置换术和关节融合术是手术选择。
