Wan Wen-Jin, Xu Qiu-Yan, Lu Mei-Ping, Lyu Qian, Gu Zi-Jun, Yuan Jing, Zhu Xin-Jie, Cui Xin-Yan, Xu Qin, Cheng Lei
Department of Otorhinolaryngology & Clinical Allergy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
Department of Pediatrics, Suzhou Research Center of Medical School, Suzhou Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Suzhou, China.
World Allergy Organ J. 2024 Jun 27;17(7):100926. doi: 10.1016/j.waojou.2024.100926. eCollection 2024 Jul.
Compliance to sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) is generally low, resulting in reduced short- and long-term clinical efficacy. Compliance is a critical factor determining the success of allergic rhinitis (AR) treatment.
To analyze the compliance of patients with house dust mite (HDM)-induced AR to SLIT and the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on compliance.
The clinical data of 3117 patients with HDM-induced AR who started SLIT between July 2018 and April 2022 were retrospectively reviewed. We assessed the reasons for non-compliance and the changes in non-compliance during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to the pre-pandemic period.
Of 3117 patients, 507 (16.27%) patients (ages, 5-67 years) were identified as non-compliant. The most common reason for non-compliance was poor efficacy (27.22%). The non-compliance rate was highest during 24-36 months of SLIT (28.13%, 153/544), followed by 12-24 months (7.02%, 91/1296). Non-compliance was significantly higher in adolescents/adults than in children ( = 0.000). Although the generalized linear model analysis indicated that compliance was affected by the COVID-19 pandemic during 3-6 months of SLIT, the overall compliance to SLIT was not significantly affected by the pandemic, according to the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis.
The non-compliance rate of SLIT in this study was low, and poor efficacy was the most common reason for non-compliance. The compliance of adolescents/adults was lower than that of children. The COVID-19 pandemic did not significantly impact compliance to SLIT, which is an appropriate strategy for the home treatment of AR patients during major public health events.
舌下免疫疗法（SLIT）的依从性普遍较低，导致短期和长期临床疗效降低。依从性是决定过敏性鼻炎（AR）治疗成功与否的关键因素。
分析屋尘螨（HDM）诱导的AR患者对SLIT的依从性以及2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）对依从性的影响。
回顾性分析2018年7月至2022年4月期间开始接受SLIT治疗的3117例HDM诱导的AR患者的临床资料。我们评估了不依从的原因以及与疫情前相比，COVID-19大流行期间不依从情况的变化。
在3117例患者中，507例（16.27%）患者（年龄5 - 67岁）被确定为不依从。不依从的最常见原因是疗效不佳（27.22%）。SLIT治疗24 - 36个月时不依从率最高（28.13%，153/544），其次是12 - 24个月（7.02%，91/1296）。青少年/成人的不依从率显著高于儿童（P = 0.000）。尽管广义线性模型分析表明，在SLIT治疗3 - 6个月期间，依从性受COVID-19大流行的影响，但根据Kaplan-Meier生存分析，大流行对SLIT的总体依从性没有显著影响。
本研究中SLIT的不依从率较低，疗效不佳是不依从的最常见原因。青少年/成人的依从性低于儿童。COVID-19大流行对SLIT的依从性没有显著影响，这是在重大公共卫生事件期间对AR患者进行家庭治疗的合适策略。
