Department of Agronomy, State University of São Paulo (UNESP), Ilha Solteira, SP, 15385-000, Brazil.
Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Chapadão do Sul, MS, 79560-000, Brazil.
Sci Rep. 2024 Jul 24;14(1):17008. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-68117-z.
Flavonoids are compounds that result from the secondary metabolism of plants and play a crucial role in plant development and mitigating biotic and abiotic stresses. The highest levels of flavonoids are found in legumes such as soybean. Breeding programs aim to increase desirable traits, such as higher flavonoid contents and vigorous seeds. Soybeans are one of the richest sources of protein in the plant kingdom and the main source of flavonoid derivatives for human health. In view of this, the hypothesis of this study is based on the possibility that the concentration of isoflavones in soybean seeds contributes to the physiological quality of the seeds. The aim of this study was to analyze the content of flavonoids in soybean genotypes and their influence on the physiological quality of the seeds. Seeds from thirty-two soybean genotypes were obtained by carrying out a field experiment during the 2021/22 crop season. The experimental design was randomized blocks with four replications and thirty-two F soybean populations. The seeds obtained were subjected to germination, first germination counting, electrical conductivity and tetrazolium vigor and viability tests. After drying and milling the material from each genotype, liquid chromatography analysis was carried out to obtain flavonoids, performed at UPLC level. Data were submitted to analysis of variance and, when significant, the means were compared using the Scott-Knott test at 5% probability. The results found here show the occurrence of genotypes with higher amounts of flavonoids when compared to their peers. The flavonoid FLVD_G2 had the highest concentration and differed from the others. Thus, we can assume that the type and concentration of flavonoids does not influence the physiological quality of seeds from different soybean genotypes, but it does indirectly contribute to viability and vigor, since the genotypes with the highest FLVD_G2 levels had better FGC values. The findings indicate that there is a difference between the content of flavonoids in soybean genotypes, with a higher content of genistein. The content of flavonoids does not influence the physiological quality of seeds, but contributes to increasing viability and vigor.
类黄酮是植物次生代谢产物，在植物发育和减轻生物和非生物胁迫方面起着至关重要的作用。类黄酮含量最高的是豆类，如大豆。育种计划旨在提高理想的性状，如更高的类黄酮含量和活力强的种子。大豆是植物界蛋白质最丰富的来源之一，也是人类健康中类黄酮衍生物的主要来源。有鉴于此，本研究的假设基于这样一种可能性，即大豆种子中异黄酮的浓度有助于种子的生理质量。本研究的目的是分析大豆基因型中类黄酮的含量及其对种子生理质量的影响。在 2021/22 作物季节进行田间试验时，获得了 32 个大豆基因型的种子。试验设计采用随机区组，设 4 次重复，共 32 个 F 大豆群体。获得的种子进行发芽、第一次发芽计数、电导率和四唑活力和活力测试。将每个基因型的材料干燥并研磨后，进行液相色谱分析以获得类黄酮，在 UPLC 水平上进行。数据进行方差分析，当差异显著时，采用 Scott-Knott 检验在 5%概率下比较平均值。这里的结果表明，与同类相比，存在类黄酮含量较高的基因型。类黄酮 FLVD_G2 浓度最高，与其他类黄酮不同。因此，我们可以假设类黄酮的类型和浓度不会影响不同大豆基因型种子的生理质量，但它确实会间接影响活力和活力，因为具有最高 FLVD_G2 水平的基因型具有更好的 FGC 值。研究结果表明，大豆基因型之间的类黄酮含量存在差异，其中染料木黄酮的含量较高。类黄酮的含量不影响种子的生理质量，但有助于提高活力和活力。
