Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
J Mater Chem B. 2024 Aug 14;12(32):7787-7813. doi: 10.1039/d4tb00676c.
Various non-invasive delivery systems have recently been developed as an alternative to conventional injections. Local transdermal administration represents the most attractive method due to the low systemic side effects, excellent ease of administration, and persistent drug release. The tympanic membrane (TM), a major barrier between the outer and middle ear, has a similar structure of the stratum corneum compared to the surface of the skin. After several attempts, non-invasive trans-tympanic drug delivery has been regarded as a promising option in the treatment of middle and inner ear diseases. The round window membrane (RWM) was a possible non-invasive delivery approach from the middle to inner ear. The improved permeability of nanocarriers crossing the RWM is a current hotspot in therapeutics for inner ear diseases. In this review, we include the latest studies exploring non-invasive trans-tympanic delivery to treat middle and inner ear diseases. Both passive and active delivery systems are described. A summary of the benefits and disadvantages of various delivery systems in clinical practice and production procedures is introduced. Finally, future possible approaches for its effective application as a non-invasive middle and inner ear drug delivery system are characterised.
最近已经开发出了各种非侵入性的输送系统，作为传统注射的替代方法。局部经皮给药是最有吸引力的方法，因为它具有全身副作用低、给药方便、药物持续释放等优点。鼓膜（TM）是外耳和中耳之间的主要屏障，其结构与皮肤表面的角质层相似。经过多次尝试，非侵入性经鼓膜给药已被认为是治疗中耳和内耳疾病的一种有前途的选择。圆窗膜（RWM）是从中耳向内耳进行非侵入性给药的一种可能途径。提高纳米载体穿过 RWM 的通透性是内耳疾病治疗的一个当前热点。在这篇综述中，我们包括了探索非侵入性经鼓膜给药以治疗中耳和内耳疾病的最新研究。描述了被动和主动输送系统。介绍了各种输送系统在临床实践和生产过程中的优缺点的总结。最后，对其作为一种非侵入性中耳和内耳药物输送系统的有效应用的未来可能方法进行了描述。
