Zhang Jiachang, Mao Yanting, Wang Gang, Luo Dong, Cao Quan, Siddique Kadambot H M, Mirzaei Morad, Saunders Matthew, Aghamir Fateme, Radicetti Emanuele, Xiang Yangzhou, Zhang Qingping, Li Yuan, Shen Yuying
The State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems in Gansu Qingyang, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
Institute of Agricultural Environment and Resources, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences (YAAS), Kunming, China.
Front Plant Sci. 2024 Jul 9;15:1405180. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1405180. eCollection 2024.
Lucerne (), is a cornerstone of China's livestock industry, however, due to the backward agronomic strategies and technology, lucerne in China faces cultivation challenges that result in lower productivity and quality than global standards. Therefore, we undertook a meta-analysis to evaluate the impact of five distinct fertilization types on lucerne yield and nutritional quality in various locations in China. The fertilizer practices included manure application, combined mineral fertilizer and manure application (FM), biological fertilizer application, unbalanced application of two or more mineral fertilizer types, and balanced mineral fertilizer application. Furthermore, we investigate influential factors of yield and quality of lucerne under fertilization, including climatic variables (mean annual precipitation, mean annual temperature), initial soil properties (soil organic carbon; total nitrogen, pH), and agronomic factors (seeding rate, harvest frequency, and lucerne stand age).
Our study analyzed 53 published papers to discern the most beneficial fertilizer for enhancing lucerne yield and nutritional quality.
The results showed that the fertilizer practices, on average, significantly improved yield by 31.72% and crude protein content by 11.29%, with FM emerging as the most effective, this is because mineral fertilizers provide available nutrients for lucerne, manure provides essential organic matter for microorganisms and improve soil properties. In addition, the fertilizer practices significantly reduced neutral and acid detergent fiber contents by 6.28% and 8.50%, respectively, while increasing ash content and relative feeding value. Furthermore, climatic variables, soil properties, and planting system factors such as sowing date and harvest frequency significantly affected yield and nutritional quality. The practical implications of our results emphasize the need for balanced and strategic fertilizer application to optimize lucerne production and highlight the potential to adjust cultivation practices according to environmental conditions. Balanced and strategic fertilizer application can simultaneously improve soil properties, enhance soil carbon sequestration, and reduce the emission of greenhouse gases from the soil, which is a vital measure for realizing sustainable agricultural development.
紫花苜蓿是中国畜牧业的基石，然而，由于农艺策略和技术落后，中国的紫花苜蓿面临种植挑战，导致其产量和质量低于全球标准。因此，我们进行了一项荟萃分析，以评估五种不同施肥类型对中国不同地区紫花苜蓿产量和营养品质的影响。施肥方式包括施用粪肥、矿物肥料与粪肥混合施用（FM）、施用生物肥料、两种或更多种矿物肥料的不平衡施用以及平衡矿物肥料施用。此外，我们研究了施肥条件下影响紫花苜蓿产量和品质的因素，包括气候变量（年均降水量、年均温度）、初始土壤性质（土壤有机碳、总氮、pH值）和农艺因素（播种量、收获频率和紫花苜蓿生长年限）。
我们的研究分析了53篇已发表的论文，以确定哪种肥料对提高紫花苜蓿产量和营养品质最有益。
结果表明，平均而言，施肥措施显著提高了31.72%的产量和11.29%的粗蛋白含量，其中FM效果最为显著，这是因为矿物肥料为紫花苜蓿提供了有效养分，粪肥为微生物提供了必需的有机质并改善了土壤性质。此外，施肥措施分别显著降低了中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维含量6.28%和8.50%，同时提高了灰分含量和相对饲用价值。此外，气候变量、土壤性质以及播种日期和收获频率等种植系统因素显著影响产量和营养品质。我们研究结果的实际意义强调了平衡和战略性施肥以优化紫花苜蓿生产的必要性，并突出了根据环境条件调整种植措施的潜力。平衡和战略性施肥可以同时改善土壤性质、增强土壤碳固存并减少土壤温室气体排放，这是实现可持续农业发展的重要措施。
