College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
Sci Rep. 2017 Mar 23;7(1):343. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-00472-6.
Soil microbes play important roles in plant growth and health. Little is known about the differences of soil microbes between healthy and bacterial wilt infected soils with Ralstonia solanacearum. By Illumina-MiSeq sequencing of 16S rRNA and 18S rRNA gene amplicons, we found the soil microbial composition and diversity were distinct between healthy and bacterial wilt infected soils. Soil microbial community varied at different plant growth stages due to changes of root exudates composition and soil pH. Healthy soils exhibited higher microbial diversity than the bacterial wilt infected soils. More abundant beneficial microbes including Bacillus, Agromyces, Micromonospora, Pseudonocardia, Acremonium, Lysobacter, Mesorhizobium, Microvirga, Bradyrhizobium, Acremonium and Chaetomium were found in the healthy soils rather than the bacterial wilt infected soils. Compared to bacterial wilt infected soils, the activities of catalase, invertase and urease, as well as soil pH, available phosphorous and potassium content, were all significantly increased in the healthy soils. In a conclusion, the higher abundance of beneficial microbes are positively related the higher soil quality, including better plant growth, lower disease incidence, and higher nutrient contents, soil enzyme activities and soil pH.
土壤微生物在植物生长和健康中起着重要作用。关于健康土壤和感染茄青枯雷尔氏菌的土壤中土壤微生物的差异，人们知之甚少。通过对 16S rRNA 和 18S rRNA 基因扩增子的 Illumina-MiSeq 测序，我们发现健康土壤和感染茄青枯雷尔氏菌的土壤中的土壤微生物组成和多样性存在明显差异。由于根系分泌物组成和土壤 pH 的变化，土壤微生物群落在不同的植物生长阶段发生变化。健康土壤的微生物多样性高于感染茄青枯雷尔氏菌的土壤。在健康土壤中发现了更多丰富的有益微生物，包括芽孢杆菌、节杆菌、密旋菌、假诺卡氏菌、枝顶孢属、噬几丁质杆菌、慢生根瘤菌、小单孢菌、布氏杆菌、节杆菌和毛壳菌，而不是感染茄青枯雷尔氏菌的土壤。与感染茄青枯雷尔氏菌的土壤相比，健康土壤中的过氧化氢酶、转化酶和脲酶活性以及土壤 pH 值、有效磷和钾含量均显著增加。总之，有益微生物的丰度越高，土壤质量越好，包括更好的植物生长、更低的疾病发病率以及更高的养分含量、土壤酶活性和土壤 pH 值。
