Rodríguez-Cano Ameyalli M, Medel-Canchola Berenice, González-Ludlow Isabel, Rodríguez-Hernández Carolina, Reyes-Muñoz Enrique, Schiffman-Selechnik Esther, Estrada-Gutierrez Guadalupe, Perichart-Perera Otilia
Nutrition and Bioprogramming Coordination, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, Mexico City, Mexico.
Gynecological and Perinatal Endocrinology Coordination, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, Mexico City, Mexico.
Front Nutr. 2024 Jul 10;11:1364722. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1364722. eCollection 2024.
Chrononutrition studies the relation between diet, circadian rhythms and metabolism, which may alter the metabolic intrauterine environment, influencing infant fat-mass (FM) development and possibly increasing obesity risk.
To evaluate the association of chrononutrition in pregnancy and infant FM at 6 months.
Healthy pregnant women and term-babies ( = 100pairs) from the OBESO cohort (2017-2023) were studied. Maternal registries included pregestational body-mass-index (BMI), gestational complications/medications, weight gain. Diet (three 24 h-recalls, 1 each trimester) and sleep-schedule (first and third trimesters) were evaluated computing fasting (hours from last-first meal), breakfast and dinner latencies (minutes between wake up-breakfast and dinner-sleep, respectively), number of main meals/day, meal skipping (≥1 main meal/d on three recalls) and nighttime eating (from 9:00 pm-5:59 am on three recalls). Neonatal weight, length, BMI/age were assessed. At 6 months, infant FM (kg, %; air-displacement plethysmography) was measured, and FM index (FMI-kgFM/length) computed. Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) was recorded. Multiple linear regression models evaluated the association between chrononutrition and 6 month infant FM.
Mean fasting was 11.7 ± 1.3 h; breakfast, dinner latency were 87.3 ± 75.2, 99.6 ± 65.6 min, respectively. Average meals/day were 3.0 ± 0.5. Meal skipping was reported in 3% ( = 3) of women and nighttime eating in 35% ( = 35). Most neonates had normal BMI/age (88%, = 88). Compared to those who did not, mothers engaged in nighttime-eating had infants with higher %FM ( = 0.019). Regression models ( ≥ 0.308, ≤ 0.001) showed that nighttime eating was positively associated with %FM (B: 2.7, 95%CI: 0.32-5.16). When analyzing women without complications/medications ( = 80), nighttime eating was associated with higher FM [%FM, B: 3.24 (95%CI: 0.59-5.88); kgFM, B: 0.20 (95%CI: 0.003-0.40); FMI, B: 0.54 (95%CI: 0.03-1.05)]. Infant sex and weight (6 months) were significant, while maternal obesity, pregnancy complications/medications, parity, energy intake, birth-BMI/age, and EBF were not.
Maternal nighttime eating is associated with higher adiposity in 6 month infants.
时间营养学研究饮食、昼夜节律与新陈代谢之间的关系，这可能会改变子宫内的代谢环境，影响婴儿脂肪量（FM）的发育，并可能增加肥胖风险。
评估孕期时间营养学与婴儿6个月时FM的关联。
对来自OBESO队列（2017 - 2023年）的健康孕妇和足月儿（n = 100对）进行研究。产妇登记信息包括孕前体重指数（BMI）、孕期并发症/用药情况、体重增加情况。通过计算禁食时间（从上一餐到第一餐的小时数）、早餐和晚餐延迟时间（分别为醒来至早餐和晚餐至入睡之间的分钟数）、每日主餐次数、漏餐情况（三次回忆中≥1次主餐/天）和夜间进食情况（三次回忆中晚上9:00至凌晨5:59之间）来评估饮食（三个24小时回忆，每个孕期一次）和睡眠时间表（孕早期和孕晚期）。评估新生儿体重、身长、BMI/年龄。在婴儿6个月时，测量婴儿FM（千克，%；空气置换体积描记法），并计算FM指数（FMI - kgFM/身长）。记录纯母乳喂养（EBF）情况。多元线性回归模型评估时间营养学与6个月婴儿FM之间的关联。
平均禁食时间为11.7 ± 1.3小时；早餐、晚餐延迟时间分别为87.3 ± 75.2分钟、99.6 ± 65.6分钟。平均每日餐数为3.0 ± 0.5次。3%（n = 3）的女性报告有漏餐情况，35%（n = 35）的女性有夜间进食情况。大多数新生儿BMI/年龄正常（88%，n = 88）。与未夜间进食的母亲相比，夜间进食的母亲所生婴儿的FM%更高（P = 0.019）。回归模型（R²≥0.308，P≤0.001）显示，夜间进食与FM%呈正相关（B：2.7，95%CI：0.32 - 5.16）。在分析无并发症/未用药的女性（n = 80）时，夜间进食与更高的FM相关[FM%，B：3.24（95%CI：0.59 - 5.88）；kgFM，B：0.20（95%CI：0.003 - 0.40）；FMI，B：0.54（95%CI：0.03 - 1.05）]。婴儿性别和体重（6个月时）具有显著性，而母亲肥胖、孕期并发症/用药情况、产次、能量摄入、出生时BMI/年龄以及EBF则无显著性。
母亲夜间进食与6个月婴儿更高的肥胖程度相关。
