Wei Ruiping, Li Lu, Chen Haifan, Wang Xiaoying, Chen Yaosheng, Liu Xiaohong
State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Front Vet Sci. 2024 Jul 10;11:1439015. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1439015. eCollection 2024.
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) continues to cause significant economic losses to the global swine industry, yet effective prevention and control measures remain elusive. The development of novel antivirals is thus urgently needed. Rifampicin (RFP), a semisynthetic derivative of rifamycin, has been previously reported to inhibit the replication of certain mammalian DNA viruses as well as RNA viruses. In this study, we unveil RFP as a potent inhibitor of PRRSV both in Marc-145 cells (half-maximal inhibitory concentration 61.26 μM) and porcine alveolar macrophages (half-maximal inhibitory concentration 53.09 μM). The inhibitory effect of RFP occurred during viral replication rather than binding, internalization and release. We also demonstrated that RFP inhibits PRRSV proteins production in the early stage of infection, without inhibiting host protein synthesis. Moreover, RFP effectively restricted porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) and porcine enteric alphacoronavirus (PEAV) infection in Vero cells. In summary, these findings indicate the promising potential of RFP as a therapeutic agent for PRRSV, PEDV and PEAV infection in pig farms.
猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒（PRRSV）继续给全球养猪业造成重大经济损失，然而有效的预防和控制措施仍然难以实现。因此，迫切需要开发新型抗病毒药物。利福平（RFP）是利福霉素的半合成衍生物，此前有报道称它能抑制某些哺乳动物DNA病毒以及RNA病毒的复制。在本研究中，我们揭示了RFP在Marc-145细胞（半数最大抑制浓度为61.26μM）和猪肺泡巨噬细胞（半数最大抑制浓度为53.09μM）中都是PRRSV的有效抑制剂。RFP的抑制作用发生在病毒复制过程中，而非结合、内化和释放过程。我们还证明，RFP在感染早期抑制PRRSV蛋白的产生，而不抑制宿主蛋白的合成。此外，RFP有效限制了猪流行性腹泻病毒（PEDV）和猪肠道α冠状病毒（PEAV）在Vero细胞中的感染。总之，这些发现表明RFP作为治疗猪场PRRSV、PEDV和PEAV感染的治疗剂具有广阔的潜力。
