Qi Xiang, Zhu Zheng, Wang Katherine, Zheng Yaguang, Li An, Wu Bei
Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New York University, New York, New York, USA.
School of Nursing, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Neuroepidemiology. 2024 Jul 25:1-10. doi: 10.1159/000540086.
This study examines the associations of gum treatment with cognitive decline and dementia risk among older adults with periodontal symptoms in the USA.
A cohort of 866 adults aged ≥50 with periodontal symptoms was recruited for the 2008 Health and Retirement Study "Dental Health Experimental Module" and followed until 2020. Cognitive function was assessed with the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status (TICS). Dementia status was ascertained with the Langa-Weir algorithm based on TICS scores and proxy assessments. Linear mixed-effects model and multivariable Cox regression models were utilized to analyze the associations of gum treatment with cognitive decline and the risk of dementia, respectively.
Of 866 participants (mean age 67.7, 61.4% women), 105 (12.1%) developed dementia with a median follow-up of 9 (IQR, 6-10) years. The dementia incidence rates were lower in the group with gum treatment (7.4 vs. 12.9 per 1,000 person-years). Compared with participants who did not have gum treatment, those with gum treatment experienced a decline in TICS score that was on average 0.025 (95% CI, 0.005-0.044) points less per year and a 38% lower incidence of dementia (hazard ratio, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.41-0.93). These associations were consistent across participants with a different severity of periodontal symptoms and sociodemographic characteristics (age, sex, race, ethnicity, and education) except for income levels.
Prompt gum treatment for older adults with periodontal symptoms may be beneficial for their cognitive health.
本研究调查了美国有牙周症状的老年人中，牙龈治疗与认知能力下降及患痴呆症风险之间的关联。
招募了866名年龄≥50岁且有牙周症状的成年人参与2008年健康与退休研究的“牙齿健康实验模块”，并随访至2020年。使用认知状态电话访谈（TICS）评估认知功能。根据TICS评分和代理评估，采用兰加-韦尔算法确定痴呆症状态。分别使用线性混合效应模型和多变量Cox回归模型分析牙龈治疗与认知能力下降及患痴呆症风险之间的关联。
866名参与者（平均年龄67.7岁，61.4%为女性）中，有105人（12.1%）患上痴呆症，中位随访时间为9年（四分位间距，6 - 10年）。接受牙龈治疗的组中痴呆症发病率较低（每1000人年7.4例 vs.每1000人年12.9例）。与未接受牙龈治疗的参与者相比，接受牙龈治疗的参与者TICS评分每年平均下降幅度少0.025分（95%置信区间，0.
