Kibagabaga Level Two Teaching Hospital, Republic of Rwanda Ministry of Health, Kigali, Rwanda
University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda.
BMJ Open. 2024 Jul 24;14(7):e078610. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-078610.
To assess the level of compliance with COVID-19 preventive measures and compliance-associated factors in the Rwanda community.
Cross-sectional study.
Country-wide community survey in Rwanda.
4763 participants were randomly sampled following the sampling frame used for the recent Rwanda Demographic Health Survey. Participants were aged between 22 years and 94 years.
The participants' compliance with three preventive measures (wearing a face mask, washing hands and social distancing) was the main outcome.
From 14 February 2022 to 27 February 2022, a cross-sectional survey using telephone calls was conducted. Study questionnaires included different questions such as participants' demographics and compliance with COVID-19 preventives measures. Verbal consent was obtained from each participant. The compliance on three main preventive measures (wearing a mask, washing hands and social distancing) were the main outcomes. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate factors associated with compliance (age, gender, level of education, socioeconomic status).
Compliance with the three primary preventive measures (washing hands 98%, wearing a mask 97% and observing social distance 98%) was at a rate of 95%. The respondents' mean age was 46±11 SD (range 22-98) years. In addition, 69% were female and 86% had attended primary education. Bivariate and regression analyses indicated a significant association among the three primary preventive measures (p<0.05). The results showed factors associated significantly between the different models (p<0.05): proper mask use and social distancing in the hand washing model; hand washing, social distancing, avoiding handshakes and not attending gatherings in the proper mask use model; hand washing and avoiding handshakes in the social distancing model.
Compliance with the three key preventive measures against COVID-19 was high in the Rwandan community and these measures were interdependent. Therefore, the importance of all three measures should be emphasised for effective disease control.
评估卢旺达社区内对 COVID-19 预防措施的遵守程度和与遵守相关的因素。
横断面研究。
卢旺达全国社区调查。
按照最近的卢旺达人口健康调查使用的抽样框架，随机抽取了 4763 名参与者。参与者年龄在 22 岁至 94 岁之间。
参与者对三种预防措施（戴口罩、洗手和保持社交距离）的遵守情况是主要结局。
2022 年 2 月 14 日至 2 月 27 日，采用电话进行了横断面调查。研究问卷包括参与者的人口统计学信息和对 COVID-19 预防措施的遵守情况等不同问题。每个参与者都获得了口头同意。遵守三种主要预防措施（戴口罩、洗手和保持社交距离）是主要结局。进行了单变量和多变量逻辑回归分析，以评估与遵守相关的因素（年龄、性别、教育程度、社会经济地位）。
对三种主要预防措施（洗手 98%、戴口罩 97%和保持社交距离 98%）的遵守率为 95%。受访者的平均年龄为 46±11 岁（范围 22-98）。此外，69%为女性，86%接受过小学教育。双变量和回归分析表明，三种主要预防措施之间存在显著关联（p<0.05）。结果显示，不同模型之间存在显著关联的因素（p<0.05）：在洗手模型中，正确使用口罩和保持社交距离；在正确使用口罩模型中，洗手、保持社交距离、避免握手和不参加聚会；在保持社交距离模型中，洗手和避免握手。
卢旺达社区对 COVID-19 三种主要预防措施的遵守程度较高，这些措施是相互依存的。因此，应该强调所有三种措施的重要性，以有效控制疾病。
