膳食限制高血压（DASH）饮食对代谢综合征患者脂肪肝和心血管风险因素的影响：一项随机对照试验。
The effect of dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) diet on fatty liver and cardiovascular risk factors in subjects with metabolic syndrome: a randomized controlled trial.
机构信息
Health Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
出版信息
BMC Endocr Disord. 2024 Jul 25;24(1):126. doi: 10.1186/s12902-024-01661-x.
BACKGROUND
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) as a multifactorial disorder is associated with non-communicable diseases. The dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) diet is a healthy dietary pattern. We investigated the effect of the DASH diet on fatty liver and cardiovascular risk factors in subjects with MetS.
METHODS
60 Subjects with MetS were assigned into the intervention group (DASH diet) or the control group (a healthy diet). Fatty liver index (FLI), hepatic steatosis index (HSI), waist circumference (WC), weight, body mass index (BMI), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) were evaluated at the beginning and after intervention. Equations of fatty liver indices such as FLI and HSI are based on liver enzymes, anthropometric variables, sex and having diabetes.
RESULTS
30 subjects in the intervention group and 29 subjects in the control group completed the study. We found a significant reduction in the intervention group compared to the control group in FLI (-13.06 ± 10.03 vs. -2.90 ± 6.82;P < 0.001), HSI (-2.72 ± 2.59 vs. -0.81 ± 3.80;P = 0.02), WC (-6.02 ± 4.24 vs. -2.24 ± 4.28;P = 0.001), weight (-3.39 ± 2.53 vs. -1.51 ± 2.72;P = 0.008), BMI (-1.25 ± 0.93 vs. -0.56 ± 1.01;P = 0.008), DBP (-5.16 ± 3.92 vs. -1.50 ± 7.04;P = 0.01), SBP (-6.97 ± 8.21 vs. -1.36 ± 6.83;P = 0.006), TG (-18.50 ± 14.32 vs. 0.60 ± 23.81;P < 0.001), TC (-16.10 ± 17.94 vs. -5.07 ± 23.62;P = 0.04) and LDL-c (-13.50 ± 9.58 vs. -4.90 ± 18.28;P = 0.02). These results remained significant after adjusting for confounding factors, except for TC (P = 0.25).
CONCLUSIONS
The DASH diet was more effective than the control diet in managing fatty liver and cardiovascular risk factors.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
The trial was registered on 21 October 2022 at Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT20180201038585N12, URL: https://irct.behdasht.gov.ir/trial/66161 ).
背景
代谢综合征（MetS）作为一种多因素疾病，与非传染性疾病有关。饮食方法防治高血压（DASH）饮食是一种健康的饮食模式。我们研究了 DASH 饮食对代谢综合征患者脂肪肝和心血管危险因素的影响。
方法
将 60 名代谢综合征患者分为干预组（DASH 饮食）或对照组（健康饮食）。在开始和干预后评估脂肪肝指数（FLI）、肝脂肪变性指数（HSI）、腰围（WC）、体重、体重指数（BMI）、甘油三酯（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-c）和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-c）。脂肪肝指数（如 FLI 和 HSI）的计算公式基于肝酶、人体测量学变量、性别和糖尿病。
结果
干预组 30 例和对照组 29 例完成研究。与对照组相比，干预组 FLI（-13.06±10.03 与-2.90±6.82；P<0.001）、HSI（-2.72±2.59 与-0.81±3.80；P=0.02）、WC（-6.02±4.24 与-2.24±4.28；P=0.001）、体重（-3.39±2.53 与-1.51±2.72；P=0.008）、BMI（-1.25±0.93 与-0.56±1.01；P=0.008）、舒张压（-5.16±3.92 与-1.50±7.04；P=0.01）、收缩压（-6.97±8.21 与-1.36±6.83；P=0.006）、TG（-18.50±14.32 与 0.60±23.81；P<0.001）、TC（-16.10±17.94 与-5.07±23.62；P=0.04）和 LDL-c（-13.50±9.58 与-4.90±18.28；P=0.02）显著降低。在调整混杂因素后，除 TC（P=0.25）外，这些结果仍然显著。
结论
DASH 饮食在管理脂肪肝和心血管危险因素方面比对照组饮食更有效。
试验注册
该试验于 2022 年 10 月 21 日在伊朗临床试验注册中心（IRCT20180201038585N12，网址：https://irct.behdasht.gov.ir/trial/66161）注册。
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