Chia seed-mediated fabrication of ZnO/Ag/AgO nanocomposites: structural, antioxidant, anticancer, and wound healing studies.

Plant extract-mediated fabrication of metal nanocomposites is used in cell proliferation inhibition and topical wound treatment, demonstrating significant effectiveness. L. (chia) seed extract (CE) is used as the reaction medium for the green fabrication of ecofriendly ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) and Ag/AgO and ZnO/Ag/AgO nanocomposites. The resultant nanoparticles and nanocomposite materials were characterized using UV-visible, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) techniques. In the context of antioxidant studies, ZnO/Ag/AgO exhibited 57% reducing power and 86% 2,2, diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging. All three materials showed strong antibacterial activity against (), (), and () bacterial strains. Additionally, ZnO, Ag/AgO, and ZnO/Ag/AgO also revealed 64.47%, 42.56%, and 75.27% Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF7) cancer cell line inhibition, respectively, at a concentration of 100 μg/mL. Selectively, the most effective composite material, ZnO/Ag/AgO, was used to evaluate wound healing potential in rat models. The study revealed 96% wound closure in 10 days, which was quite rapid healing compared to wound healing using clinically available ointment. Therefore, in conclusion, the ZnO/Ag/AgO nanocomposite material could be considered for further testing and formulation as a good anticancer and wound healing agent.