Wahi Arushee, Saxena Osheen, Sharma Eesha, Kishore M Thomas
Dept. of Clinical Psychology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
Dept. of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
Indian J Psychol Med. 2024 Jul;46(4):344-349. doi: 10.1177/02537176241230582. Epub 2024 Mar 3.
The dissociative motor disorder is one of the most commonly diagnosed forms of dissociative disorder in the Indian population, especially among adolescents. However, there is a dearth of literature on effective psychotherapy practices in the Indian setting. This article details the unique process of employing an integrative psychotherapy approach with a 16-year-old adolescent girl diagnosed with dissociative motor disorder who presented with complaints of headache, deviation of mouth, multiple somatic complaints, inability to move her legs, episodes of loss of consciousness with jerking of upper limbs and a non-pervasive low mood. A detailed evaluation highlighted significant disruptions in attachment with caregivers, complicated grief, significant anger towards her family which did not find a space for expression, unhealthy coping mechanisms in the background of a slow-to-warm-up temperament and sociocultural stressors. The case formulation drew elements from the psychodynamic perspective, family systems approach, biosocial theory and the cognitive behavioural perspective. The intervention from the first session until termination is delineated in different phases which outline the significant themes that emerged along with the techniques used, challenges faced and therapist reflections. The role of the therapeutic alliance, working through transference, systemic work, primary and secondary gains and the importance of defences along with the aftermath of losing them becomes especially salient as the psychotherapy progresses in this case. The implications of the therapy process that can hold relevance to the management of dissociation disorder in the clinical setting are also discussed.
分离性运动障碍是印度人群中最常被诊断出的分离性障碍形式之一,尤其是在青少年中。然而,在印度背景下,关于有效心理治疗方法的文献却很匮乏。本文详细介绍了对一名16岁诊断为分离性运动障碍的少女采用综合心理治疗方法的独特过程。该少女主诉头痛、口角歪斜、多种躯体不适、双腿无法活动、上肢抽搐伴意识丧失发作以及一种非普遍性的情绪低落。详细评估突出显示了与照顾者依恋关系的严重破坏、复杂的悲伤情绪、对家人的强烈愤怒却无处表达、在慢热型气质和社会文化压力源背景下的不健康应对机制。病例分析借鉴了心理动力学视角、家庭系统方法、生物社会理论和认知行为视角的元素。从第一次治疗到结束的干预过程被划分为不同阶段,这些阶段概述了出现的重要主题以及所使用的技术、面临的挑战和治疗师的反思。随着该病例心理治疗的推进,治疗联盟的作用、通过移情开展工作、系统工作、原发性和继发性获益以及防御机制的重要性以及失去防御机制的后果变得尤为突出。本文还讨论了该治疗过程对临床环境中分离性障碍管理的启示。