Department of Geriatric Medicine Cork University Hospital Cork Ireland.
Department of Internal Medicine Yale University School of Medicine New Haven CT USA.
J Am Heart Assoc. 2024 Aug 6;13(15):e031736. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.123.031736. Epub 2024 Jul 26.
The incidence of frailty and cardiovascular disease (CVD) increases as the population ages. There is a bidirectional relationship between frailty and CVD, and both conditions share several risk factors and underlying biological mechanisms. Frailty has been established as an independent prognostic marker in patients with CVD. Moreover, its presence significantly influences both primary and secondary prevention strategies for adults with CVD while also posing a barrier to the inclusion of these patients in pivotal clinical trials and advanced cardiac interventions. This review discusses the current knowledge base on the relationship between frailty and CVD, how managing CVD risk factors can modify frailty, the influence of frailty on CVD management, and future directions for frailty detection and modification in patients with CVD.
随着人口老龄化，衰弱和心血管疾病 (CVD) 的发病率增加。衰弱和 CVD 之间存在双向关系，并且这两种疾病具有一些共同的风险因素和潜在的生物学机制。衰弱已被确立为 CVD 患者的独立预后标志物。此外，它的存在显著影响 CVD 成人的一级和二级预防策略，同时也对这些患者纳入关键临床试验和高级心脏介入造成障碍。本综述讨论了衰弱和 CVD 之间关系的现有知识库，CVD 风险因素的管理如何改变衰弱，衰弱对 CVD 管理的影响，以及 CVD 患者衰弱检测和改善的未来方向。
