Macamo Engelinah D, Mkhize-Kwitshana Zilungile L, Mthombeni Julian, Naidoo Pragalathan
Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Nelson R. Mandela Medical School Campus, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa.
Division of Research Capacity Development (RCD), South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC), Tygerberg, Cape Town 7505, South Africa.
Curr Issues Mol Biol. 2024 Jul 8;46(7):7258-7290. doi: 10.3390/cimb46070431.
HIV and parasite infections accelerate biological aging, resulting in immune senescence, apoptosis and cellular damage. Telomere length is considered to be one of the most effective biomarkers of biological aging. HIV and parasite infection have been reported to shorten telomere length in the host. This systematic review aimed to highlight work that explored the influence of HIV and parasite single infections and coinfection on telomere length. Using specific keywords related to the topic of interest, an electronic search of several online databases (Google Scholar, Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct and PubMed) was conducted to extract eligible articles. The association between HIV infection or parasite infection and telomere length and the association between HIV and parasite coinfection and telomere length were assessed independently. The studies reported were mostly conducted in the European countries. Of the 42 eligible research articles reviewed, HIV and parasite single infections were independently associated with telomere length shortening. Some studies found no association between antiretroviral therapy (ART) and telomere length shortening, while others found an association between ART and telomere length shortening. No studies reported on the association between HIV and parasite coinfection and telomere length. HIV and parasite infections independently accelerate telomere length shortening and biological aging. It is possible that coinfection with HIV and parasites may further accelerate telomere length shortening; however, this is a neglected field of research with no reported studies to date.
艾滋病毒和寄生虫感染会加速生物衰老，导致免疫衰老、细胞凋亡和细胞损伤。端粒长度被认为是生物衰老最有效的生物标志物之一。据报道，艾滋病毒和寄生虫感染会缩短宿主的端粒长度。本系统综述旨在突出探讨艾滋病毒和寄生虫单一感染及合并感染对端粒长度影响的研究。使用与感兴趣主题相关的特定关键词，对几个在线数据库（谷歌学术、科学网、Scopus、科学Direct和PubMed）进行电子检索，以提取符合条件的文章。分别评估了艾滋病毒感染或寄生虫感染与端粒长度之间的关联以及艾滋病毒和寄生虫合并感染与端粒长度之间的关联。所报道的研究大多在欧洲国家进行。在审查的42篇符合条件的研究文章中，艾滋病毒和寄生虫单一感染均与端粒长度缩短独立相关。一些研究发现抗逆转录病毒疗法（ART）与端粒长度缩短之间无关联，而其他研究则发现ART与端粒长度缩短之间存在关联。没有研究报道艾滋病毒和寄生虫合并感染与端粒长度之间的关联。艾滋病毒和寄生虫感染会独立加速端粒长度缩短和生物衰老。艾滋病毒和寄生虫合并感染可能会进一步加速端粒长度缩短；然而，这是一个被忽视的研究领域，迄今为止尚无相关报道的研究。
