Bioprocessing Laboratory, Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Adelaide 5042, Australia.
Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Adelaide 5042, Australia.
Mar Drugs. 2024 Jun 28;22(7):301. doi: 10.3390/md22070301.
Omega-3 fatty acids are essential fatty acids that are not synthesised by the human body and have been linked with the prevention of chronic illnesses such as cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. However, the current dietary habits of the majority of the population include lower omega-3 content compared to omega-6, which does not promote good health. To overcome this, pharmaceutical and nutraceutical companies aim to produce omega-3-fortified foods. For this purpose, various approaches have been employed to obtain omega-3 concentrates from sources such as fish and algal oil with higher amounts of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Among these techniques, enzymatic enrichment using lipase enzymes has gained tremendous interest as it is low in capital cost and simple in operation. Microorganism-derived lipases are preferred as they are easily produced due to their higher growth rate, and they hold the ability to be manipulated using genetic modification. This review aims to highlight the recent studies that have been carried out using marine lipases for the enrichment of omega-3, to provide insight into future directions. Overall, the covalent bond-based lipase immobilization to various support materials appears most promising; however, greener and less expensive options need to be strengthened.
ω-3 脂肪酸是人体无法合成的必需脂肪酸，与预防心血管和神经退行性疾病等慢性病有关。然而，大多数人的饮食习惯中ω-3 的含量低于 ω-6，这不利于健康。为了克服这一问题，制药和营养保健品公司旨在生产富含 ω-3 的食品。为此，人们采用了各种方法从鱼类和藻类油等来源中获得富含二十碳五烯酸（EPA）和二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）的 ω-3 浓缩物。在这些技术中，使用脂肪酶进行酶法富集引起了极大的兴趣，因为它的资本成本低，操作简单。由于微生物来源的脂肪酶具有更高的增长率，因此更容易生产，并且可以通过遗传修饰进行操纵，因此它们是首选。本综述旨在强调最近使用海洋脂肪酶进行 ω-3 富集的研究，为未来的发展方向提供见解。总的来说，基于共价键的脂肪酶固定到各种载体材料上似乎最有前途；然而，需要加强更环保和更廉价的选择。
