State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
Wuxi Children's Hospital, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214023, China.
Molecules. 2023 Jan 9;28(2):672. doi: 10.3390/molecules28020672.
In recent years, as the demand for precision nutrition is continuously increasing, scientific studies have shown that high-purity eicosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester (EPA-EE) functions more efficiently than mixed omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid preparations in diseases such as hyperlipidemia, heart disease, major depression, and heart disease; therefore, the market demand for EPA-EE is growing by the day. In this paper, we attempt to review EPA-EE from a whole-manufacturing-chain perspective. First, the extraction, refining, and ethanolysis processes (fish oil and ethanol undergo transesterification) of EPA-EE are described, emphasizing the potential of green substitute technologies. Then, the method of EPA enrichment is thoroughly detailed, the pros and cons of different methods are compared, and current developments in monomer production techniques are addressed. Finally, a summary of current advanced strategies for dealing with the low oxidative stability and low bioavailability of EPA-EE is presented. In conclusion, understanding the entire production process of EPA-EE will enable us to govern each step from a macro perspective and accomplish the best use of EPA-EE in a more cost-effective and environmentally friendly way.
近年来，随着精准营养的需求不断增加，科学研究表明，高纯度二十碳五烯酸乙酯（EPA-EE）在高血脂、心脏病、重度抑郁症和心脏病等疾病中的作用比混合ω-3 多不饱和脂肪酸制剂更有效；因此，对 EPA-EE 的市场需求与日俱增。本文从全产业链的角度尝试对 EPA-EE 进行综述。首先，描述了 EPA-EE 的提取、精炼和乙醇解（鱼油和乙醇进行酯交换）过程，强调了绿色替代技术的潜力。然后，详细介绍了 EPA 富集的方法，比较了不同方法的优缺点，并讨论了单体生产技术的最新进展。最后，总结了目前应对 EPA-EE 氧化稳定性低和生物利用度低的先进策略。总之，了解 EPA-EE 的整个生产过程将使我们能够从宏观角度控制每一步，并以更具成本效益和环保的方式更好地利用 EPA-EE。
