Mandić Vilko, Bafti Arijeta, Panžić Ivana, Radovanović-Perić Floren
Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Trg Marka Marulića 19, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
Gels. 2024 Jun 30;10(7):438. doi: 10.3390/gels10070438.
Bio-aerogels have emerged as promising materials for energy storage, providing a sustainable alternative to conventional aerogels. This review addresses their syntheses, properties, and characterization challenges for use in energy storage devices such as rechargeable batteries, supercapacitors, and fuel cells. Derived from renewable sources (such as cellulose, lignin, and chitosan), bio-based aerogels exhibit mesoporosity, high specific surface area, biocompatibility, and biodegradability, making them advantageous for environmental sustainability. Bio-based aerogels serve as electrodes and separators in energy storage systems, offering desirable properties such as high specific surface area, porosity, and good electrical conductivity, enhancing the energy density, power density, and cycle life of devices. Recent advancements highlight their potential as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries, replacing non-renewable carbon materials. Studies have shown excellent cycling stability and rate performance for bio-aerogels in supercapacitors and fuel cells. The yield properties of these materials, primarily porosity and transport phenomena, demand advanced characterization methods, and their synthesis and processing methods significantly influence their production, e.g., sol-gel and advanced drying. Bio-aerogels represent a sustainable solution for advancing energy storage technologies, despite challenges such as scalability, standardization, and cost-effectiveness. Future research aims to improve synthesis methods and explore novel applications. Bio-aerogels, in general, provide a healthier path to technological progress.
生物气凝胶已成为储能领域颇具前景的材料，为传统气凝胶提供了一种可持续的替代方案。本文综述了它们在可充电电池、超级电容器和燃料电池等储能装置中的合成方法、性质及表征挑战。基于可再生资源（如纤维素、木质素和壳聚糖）衍生而来的生物基气凝胶具有介孔结构、高比表面积、生物相容性和生物可降解性，这使其在环境可持续性方面具有优势。生物基气凝胶在储能系统中用作电极和隔膜，具有高比表面积、孔隙率和良好导电性等理想特性，可提高装置的能量密度、功率密度和循环寿命。最近的进展凸显了它们作为锂离子电池负极材料替代不可再生碳材料的潜力。研究表明生物气凝胶在超级电容器和燃料电池中具有出色的循环稳定性和倍率性能。这些材料的产率特性，主要是孔隙率和传输现象，需要先进的表征方法，并且它们的合成和加工方法对其生产有显著影响，例如溶胶 - 凝胶法和先进干燥技术。尽管存在可扩展性、标准化和成本效益等挑战，但生物气凝胶仍是推进储能技术的可持续解决方案。未来的研究旨在改进合成方法并探索新的应用。总体而言，生物气凝胶为技术进步提供了一条更有益的途径。
